Bank Accounts, Joint or Separate? :: essays research papers

IntroductionThe topic I chose to discuss is if couples have name cuss accounts and if they have arrived at this solution after(prenominal) trying to go for a single account or if this was their first attempt at martial checking. I chose this topic because I al styles had the notion that a married couple should have a joint bank account, message that their finances just like them were intertwined and inseparable. After I was married to the beloved of my life, I noticed the concepts and methods we practiced regarding the calendar monthly budget and our finances were vastly different and at times conflicting.She was brought up in a domicile where her parents never discussed budgets or savings, they just spent their currency on whatsoever they wanted and when the money ran out, they would barrow to continue spending. I was brought up in a poor household where we had to scrimp and save to make ends meat. Im sure you can figure that this was the source of a circularize of confl ict and hard ship in the first years of our marriage.We had time-tested many different techniques to settle things, but no matter what we seek conflict still arose on how the money was spent and when it was spent. Finally after researching the topic and talking to mother married couples who I knew and respected, I came to the stopping point that no matter what my personal opinion on how the finances should be, my married woman and I were never going to agree on this and that I should notion for another solution instead of trying to indoctrinate her with my philosophy. One of get together of advice I was prone was to split up the family budget in any(prenominal) ratio is necessary and allocate the money accordingly. This resulted in my wife beingness put over the groceries, clothing, and school needs for the family and I was put over the rest of the bills (mortgage, insurance, phone, etc.). I also tried to find a way to tuck a little money away each month into a savings accou nt. Since the inception of this solution we had two separate bank accounts which has resulted in my less conflict and we have been able to put money away for the future for the first time in our marital history.I wanted to research if this problem was common or not given the diversity of financial backgrounds now in society.

Michael Collins’

Between the white knuckle intensity, the bombastic array of explosions, the baleful factionalism and the multitude of conspiratorial machinations, director Neil Jordans Michael collins comes morose corresponding policy-making bill re-imagined in the vein of the gangster dart. As an aspiring(prenominal) attempt to chronicle the life and times of unitary of the most distinguished figures in Irelands violent struggles for independence from the British pudding stone, it is intelligently well-made. only when it is likewise problematic, be endeavor it makes an moody semipolitical struggle blush more than obscure by trivializing it in the way that much of historic cinema has trivialized history emphasizing the emotional highs and lows of its protagonists at the expense of the events it uses as its foundation. Considering that Michael Collins epochal content is fundamentally tied to present day conflicts, namely the apparently endless unity in Northern Ireland, this is rath er troubling.Collins is credit with inventing guerilla warfare, and bringing world attention to the Irish cause by forcing the English to cede authority in certain parts of his ingrained soil and initiating a proceeding for an independent Irish republic. Having seen m both diachronic dramas before, I immediately assumed that Jordan was going to spend the entire space of the motion picture demonstrating Collins greatness. I was pleasantly surprised to see that succession Jordan does question some of Collins character attributes and decisions, he fashions a diachronic account that somehow absolves Collins of the present state of Ireland.Jordan presents Collins, played with material vigor by Academy Award nominee Liam Neeson, glo make headwayg from the balance wheel acclaim of Schindlers List, as a patriot whose dedication to the eradication of British rule in Ireland was compromised by the people around him. The film opens with a terrible bombardment by the English upon Ir ish freedom fighters, which establishes the unforgiving demand of obedience that the English crown maintained without any pretense of subtlety.Some years later, adept of them named Collins is released from jail, whereupon he topic to give impassioned speeches as the self-dubbed Minister of Mayhem. Collins argues that the disastrous pound in 1916 proves that a straightforward battle against the occupying British presence is an invitation to defeat. He proposes that they plant bombs to deliver unobstructed carnage to those who would oppose Irish independence.The film plays this up as an action of last resort in which Collins and his men have been forced to use effect because of the unyielding temper of the anti-independents. Yet despite to airing this sentiment frequently to his lift out acquaintance/confidant/rival Harry Boland (as played by Aidan Quinn), Collins has no qualms about using the intelligence offered by a sympathetic hog played by the downtrodden hangdog face of The Crying Games Stephen Rea.The escalating acts of violence put the British in the uncomfort adapted position of acceding to negotiations, and spring Republic president Eamon de Valera, as portrayed with vague menace by versatile character actor Alan Rickman, delegates Collins as a voice on his behalf. Collins recognizes his own shortcomings as a politico the better(p) he could negotiate was self-governance for South Ireland with allegiance to the Crown still in place.It is this halfway point of reconciliation amidst Ireland and the Crown that Collins argues is the best attainable agreement of the time. De Valera proceeds to disassociate himself from Collins, while Collins has a falling out with Boland, and the upset leads to civil war. Eventually, Collins dies at the workforce of an assassin, which Jordan implies to have been approved by De Valera.Jordans Collins ultimately comes off as a violent under(a)dog who repackages himself as a liaison between his countrymen and the occupying forces, trading in the downtrodden charisma of a scruffy brown show up with the sharp glamour of a well pressed uniform, non contrasted a German officer who approves of Hitler because of the blessings in his life under Nazism.This isnt to say that Collins was some kind of fascist, but that his frequently renowned talents for political expedience still fall short under the lense of critical examination. After all, his agitators approach to moving the Irish cause forward still hasnt brought peace today.In the meantime, constituted history writes De Valera off as a duplicitous sell out, and Jordan doesnt attempt to challenge that view, choosing instead to portray Collins as a heroic patriot. This strikes me as strange, since Collins is the man who initiated violence and then insisted that violence must stop, leaving us with a rather ambiguous and maybe ambivalent definition of what heroism and patriotism is.  Michael CollinsThis oft-quoted statement is a testame nt as to how diverse a clubs science of diachronic figures basin be. Different world drawing cards, especially revolutionaries are a good deal portrayed in different respects, according to the ideological prism one uses to analyze the life of the worlds greatest men and women. monoamine oxidase Zedong, for example, will always be remembered by the majority of the Chinese race who lived by dint of the years previous to the 1949 Chinese revolution as the leader of a peoples run that liberated Chinese society from a semi-feudal and semi-colonial system ru lead by bourgeois compradors and big landowners under the auspices of foreign imperialism.He is also remembered by some sections of Chinese society as a ruthless dictator who insisted on an experimental utopian social system that led to the deaths of millions of his people due to hunger and famine. In contemporary history, on the other(a) hand, Arab caseists and anti-imperialists view the legacy of ibn Talal Hussein Hussei n as a triumph of the repudiation of Ameri pile aggression into Arab soil, while American conservatives view his reign of terror as one of the most dastardly regimes the world has seen in the last fifty years. Nonetheless, it is this historical ambivalence that the life of Michael Collins as an Irish revolutionary shall be analyzed in this paper, especially on questions as to whether he can be considered a villain or a patriot.Michael Collins was an Irish revolutionary who fervently want the independence of Ireland from the illegal occupation of England, and led one of the bloodiest fortify struggles against the British Empire. Collins came to the fore during the Easter Rising, which was one of the first attempts for centuries of British rule that free-enterprise(a) Irish republicans sought to win Irish independence by force of arms. It must be mute that the fortify struggle which was started during the Easter Rising and continued on even by the Irish Republican Army until rec ent past was a reaction to the timid parliamentary politics that was being espoused by the Irish Parliamentary Party of John Redmond.This party was seen by many militant republicans led by Michael Collins as a capitulating force and dead incapable of leading the Irish people in the path to independence. As such, the Easter Rising was hatched and implemented by throngs of Irish revolutionaries which sought to grab the reins of political government agency from the British in the lightning fashion of an urban insurrection by seizing buildings in capital of Ireland and cordon-off the city to master a violent counter-attack from British security forces, notwithstanding guerilla attacks at British soldiers a tactic that was mastered by Collins through his flying columns.As expected, the British forces soon after counter-attacked and they were decisively able to quell the rebellion in a week, with the leading members and cadres of the Irish republican movement arrested and even execute d by the British. This foolish tactic of political violence was premised on the theory that the bloodletting of the leaders and members of the republican movement would soon after inspire the struggle of a thousand-fold more people.While this tactic of violence had a definite shock-value both to the British Empire and the Irish public, it was very costly to the Irish republican cause because it lost much of its respected leaders, especially John Connolly, the head of the Irish armed socialist movement that inspired much of the forces to wage armed struggle against the British Empire. In all of these, and even to the events leading to the subscribe of the Peace accord between the Ireland and England, Michael Collins can be considered a patriot as he knew at what historic moment the urgency of armed struggle beckons, alongside his other comrades in the Irish republican movement.By supporting the armed struggle, no matter how ill-advised their insurrectional tactic was, Collins reco gnized that Irish political power and national sovereignty can never be attained by obviously waging a peaceful parliamentary struggle against the British crown, as the Empire will never hand over sovereignty of rich Irish lands on a silver platter. Instead, it must be forcibly taken through violent means.Nonetheless, it is only in Collins role prior to the peace treaty that he can be considered a patriot as he capitulated to the might of the British Empire when he acceded to the treaty and abruptly ended hostilities between the warring nations. Many in the positive sections of the Irish Republican Army saw the signing of the treaty and Collins support for it as a betrayal of the Irish revolution, especially to the Irish martyrs who only wanted to witness an Ireland that had its people as its sovereign and not the English throne. For this, Collins was assassinated during the Irish Civil War, dying in the same violent manner as the armed struggle he valiantly espoused in the years after the Easter Rising.On the other hand, it can somehow be said that Collins model of political violence is comparable to the theory of armed struggle by Che Guevara, especially his foco theory. Che Guevara believed that a single guerilla force, no matter how small, carrying out armed revolution in any country is capable of spreading equivalent wildfire and inspiring the masses to join the revolution.Both of them believed in the necessity of guerilla warfare as the most effective tool at consistently reducing the strength of the enemy, especially an enemy with almost unlimited army resources fighting against a revolutionary movement with meager resources. It must also be said that both revolutionary leaders repudiated the grabbing of political power through an urban insurrection as it opened revolutionary movement and its supporters to the heavy weight of a counter-attack by enemy forces which might be utter detrimental to the revolutionary cause.In all of these, though, it mus t be reiterated that despite the faults and failures of Michael Collins, especially when he capitulated to British forces instead of seeing the Irish revolution to its fruition, his life as an Irish patriot and hero can never be discounted. He lived at a concrete historical moment which challenged him and many other Irishmen to stand up against a right on empire and determine their own destiny as a people. kit and caboodle CitedCastaneda, J. (1998). Comandante The life and death of Ch Guevara. Vintage Publishing. Fox, R.M. (1943). The History of the Irish Citizen Army. Dublin jam Duffy & Co. Hopkinson, M. Green Against Green, the Irish Civil War, pp.83-87 Kostick, Conor & Collins. (2000). The Easter Rising. Dublin OBrien Press Townshend, C. (2005). Easter 1916 the Irish rebellion. London Allen Lane.

The making of a football star

Famous people often feel unfrequented simply what makes them who they are. Rahul, a lonely sixteen grade ancient famous professional footb all in all crippled player has maybe as well many responsibilities and expectations. Residing in Mumbai, Rahul comes from a middle class family, where his parents work actually tall(prenominal) to utilize him a sizeable education so he will form a better tomorrow and lead a better life. Rahul, hitherto faced learning difficulties and his parents, non realizing his sporting talents, put pressure on him to perform healthy academicallyIt was when he was 12 courses old that the physical education omnibus of that prepare saw him playing football with friends and realized that this boy had latent talent which would probably take him to high levels. Not losing any time the coach put him in the cultivate football police squad which plays various inter-school tour call upnts each year. Being in the aggroup made Rahul very happy and he felt completely charged up as he began to love the game and now aspired to turn a professional football player and play for a well known football unite in the future. His parents began to support him, but hitherto were not very content as they cherished him to bring forth an all-rounder. Rahul act and true hard but was never successful in becoming good at academics. Being twelve he thought he had it all a game he loved playing and was good at, friends in school and the respect of his squadmates.At thirteen he was made captain of the football team of his school and led the team to the finals of the biggest inter-school tournaments of Mumbai and scored four goals for his team comprehensively, winning the trophy for his team. For him this was one of the best moments in his life and afterward the game he was surrounded by the press. The next day his name and picture came in all city newspapers and he was also feature live on many different news channels. This gave him a vi sual modality of confidence and he began to think that these were stepping stones to his future.After a year he had become very famous as his school had won the mount for the second successive year under his captaincy. All his friends as a result began to feel very jealous of him and started to ignore him and kept on mocking him when he did not play well or tried talking to them. Rahul felt very lonely and went through a emotionally hard time. This made him angry and resentful and he started loosing his passion towards the game. However, the coach motivated him to play as he could see the future in this boy. This was way too much pressure for a fifteen year old boy and he was having a tough time already in the start of a dream career.He wanted to confuse up football because of all the sacrifices he had to make just to be successful and famous in one sport. Any fifteen year old boy would not want to lose all his friends to become famous and successful in a sport and this is why Rah ul wanted his friends grit and thus wiling to sacrifice the game he loved. But, the coach, the parents and the principal of the school did not let this happen as they felt he was too talented to give up the game and they did not know or so the problems he faced as he never told them. His coach to abet him made him the captain of the under 16 team.In the first tournament itself as captain Rahul won the championship for his side level though the rest of the team was not co-operative because they were so jealous of him and did not even pass the ball to him. The performance of Rahul without the help of his team mates caught the eyeball of many selectors and immediately he got an tenderize from the Mahindra United youth team. This was exceedingly prestigious as Mahindra United is one of Indias best clubs. They offered him a specify of 3 years at Rs.50000 per year. He was in a plight as he loved the game so much but he wanted to enjoy his childishness as well.Accepting this off er meant that he would face many difficulties and could not attend school regularly and miss a lot of work and without many friends it would be very difficult for him. Any sixteen year old boy would not like to miss his school life for all this effects and destroy their childhood but Rahul was forced to. However, Rahul made many new friends in his club Mahindra United and they constantly supported him. Later in that year he had taken time off to study for his tenth standard climb on exams and did well.After he returned on the football field he was back to his best, now feeling less pressure and playing for the love of the game and a year later he was chosen into the U-19 football team to play internationally for India which he thinks has been his best achievement so far.However, the childhood of his which was destroyed can never be got back with any achievement or the gain of wealth. The period of loneliness can never be forgotten by him and he questions his decisions.Children ar e forced to make hard decisions at a very young age without any maturity. Hence, sometimes they loose the chance to have a normal care supernumerary childhood like you and me.

Forensic Scientist Research Paper Essay

Definition of a rhetorical Scientist in that location is a definition for a forensic scientist. correspond to Cargoner randomness Center, on that point is a definition for forensic scientist, forensic scientists gather and evaluate induction from victims, vehicles, and scenes of iniquitys. Their findings whitethorn help to convict or prove the innocence of a person accuse of a execration. Nearly e very last(predicate) forensic scientists manoeuver for federal, state, or local law enforce ment (Engineering. 126).Entry RequirementsThere atomic number 18 incoming unavoidablenesss to become a forensic scientist. consort to Cargoner Information Center, to be a forensic scientist, one needs at least a bachelor-at-armss period in bodily or innate science. However, most crime labs prefer employees that ask under ones skin a masters or doctorates degree in forensics (Engineering. 126). Working Conditions rhetorical scientists reckon varied hours. accord to C beer Informat ion Center, forensic scientist fiddle a five day, forty hour exploit week. However, they are on call 24-7 and may be expected to practice late wickedness calls. In some cases, all everyplacetime is forced on employees (Engineering. 127). rhetorical scientists work in varied environments. They spend most of their time in honest labs (Engineering. 127). They may overly work let ondoors in all conditions conditions including snow, rain and heat (Echaore-McDavid 61).forensic scientists clear to stand, bend, kneel, and crouch in unskilful positions (Echaore-McDavid 61). Forensic scientists necessitate to observe unpleasant sights such as origin and corpses (Engineering. 127). Also, in that respect are some trys with working with weapons (Engineering. 127). In addition, forensic scientists are exposed to noxious fumes and poisons (Engineering. 127). Generally, forensic scientists work with lab partners and different branches of law enforcement such as, policemen, FBI, and judges (Engineering. 127).Pay and BenefitsForensic Scientists conduct varies. According to Career Information Center, their earnings vary depending on familiarity and education. Entry level counterbalance for a forensic scientist with a bachelors degree in 2005 was about $30,000 a category. The median honorarium was about $40,000. Experienced forensic scientists with a masters degree earn round $70,000. Different types of forensic scientists earn different salaries. For example, a technician will contrive around $40,000 a year, but a forensic pathologist can earn up to $200,000 a year. Also, large crime labs use specialists, scientists who do one peculiar(prenominal) duty well. These specialists often make more money than other(a)s (Engineering. 127).Forensic Scientists ride benefits. According to Career Information Center, forensic scientists get sick long time and vacation days. The amount of days depends on the crime lab they work at. They are withal offered checkup insurance. Again, this varies with the crime lab. Forensic scientists are as well as offered pension plans (Engineering. 127).AdvancementForensic scientists have opportunity for advancement. Most start out as trainees where they get hold of how to do their play. past, they are given more freedom and assume the duties of the other forensic scientists. A few people may be promoted to of age(p) forensic scientist or manager of the crime lab (Echaore-McDavid 60). Typically, positions open up when other forensic scientists are promoted, re wash up, or if the lab expands (Engineering. 127). Also, forensic scientists may train bleak employees for a bonus (Engineering.127).OutlookForensic scientists have a very positive outlook. Jobs in forensic science are expected t raise by twenty percent in ten years, well above the national average (U.S. Dept. n.p.) Growth in the knowledge base of forensic science is tied to crime rates, high crime rates means a large amount of demarcations (E ngineering. 127). According to the occupational Outlook Handbook, new technologies speed up the growth of jobs in forensic science. Furthermore, there were 12,800 jobs held by forensic scientists in 2008. The projected employment for 2018 is 15,300 jobs (U.S. Dept. n.p.). tune DUTIES OF A FORENSIC SCIENTISTSecond, there are personal qualities that are need to be a forensic scientist. There are job duties that all forensic scientists share. Also, there are job duties for different types of forensic scientists. individualised QualitiesThere are personal qualities that are necessary to have to be a forensic scientist. According to fairness Enforcement, Security, and contraceptive Services, Forensic scientists mustiness have communication skills, teamwork skills, writing skills, problem solving skills, and self caution skills. Forensic scientists must also be observant, objective, detail oriented, meticulous, ethical, honest, dependable, and courteous. In addition, information p rocessing system skills are recommended (Echaore-McDavid 60). General Job DutiesThere are some job duties that all forensic scientists share. either forensic scientists gather, evaluate, and analyze evidence and info from victims, vehicles, and crime scenes (Engineering. 126). Forensic scientists findings are used in court cases (Engineering. 126). They may have to train lower level or new employees (Echaore-McDavid 63). All forensic scientists may be called out to crime scenes (Echaore-McDavid 63). TechniciansForensic technicians have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, they gather physical evidence, such asbullets, weapons, and tissues from crime scenes. Technicians must also talk and mastermind with police officers at the crime scene. They note, sketch, and photograph every piece of evidence. Then the technicians send the evidence to the crime lab for further investigating. Technicians also conciliate accurate and well detaile d reports and documentation for court cases. Technicians also check and use photography equipment as well as develop movie house (Echaore-McDavid 60-1).Latent Prints ExaminerPrints Examiners have specific job duties as well. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, prints examiners analyze all latent prints including fingerprints, palm prints, footprints, and tire tracks. They use chemicals and plasters to lift prints from scenes of crimes. They take photographs of the prints and convert them to 3D images on a computer. Prints examiners compare these prints with kn take in suspects, victims, and others. Examiners will write reports of their findings and may testify in court (Echaore-McDavid 63).Forensic ChemistForensic chemists also have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, chemists use chemical depth psychology to examine physical evidence. They also perform tests to interpret the contents of an unfathomab le substance. Chemists make reports and may testify in court (Echaore-McDavid 65).Trace designate ExaminerTrace evidence examiners have specific job duties as well. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, trace evidence examiners examine hair, tissues, saliva, blood, fluids, plastics, metals, and explosives. They work in crime labs alongside chemists and print examiners. They also develop new and better methods for examining evidence (Echaore-McDavid 65).Firearms and Toolmark ExaminersFirearms and toolmark examiners have specific job duties. According to LawEnforcement, Security, and Protective Services, they handle two pieces of evidence firearms and tools. They determine if firearms or tools were used in a crime. They make identical matches between guns and bullets, and tools and toolmarks. Firearms and toolmark examiners also determine paths of bullets and recreate crime scenes (Echaore-McDavid 69).Questioned Documents ExaminerQuestioned documents examin ers have their own job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, documents examiners analyze checks, currency, vouchers, contracts, certificates, wills, notes and letters. They check if documents and signatures are real or counterfeit. They determine if changes have been made to a document and determine what manner of speaking were erased or crossed out. Document examiners also identify different types of inks and written document (Echaore-McDavid 71).Polygraph ExaminerPolygraph examiners have specific job duties too. According to Law Enforcement, Security, and Protective Services, polygraph examiners administer polygraph tests to suspects and analyze the results. Polygraphs measure pulse, blood pressure, breathing, and perspiration during questioning. Polygraph examiners write their own questions and give them to suspects (Echaore-McDavid 76).Forensic PathologistForensic pathologists have specific job duties. According to Law Enforcement, Security, a nd Protective Services, forensic pathologists primarily perform au peaksies. They answer the time of death, whether a death was conditiond by suicide or homicide, and cause of death. Pathologists may also have to identify bodies. They are also called out to crime scene to examine bodies before they are moved. Forensic pathologists sometimes meet with families of the deceased (Echaore-McDavid 73).ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESThird, there are advantages to having a career as a forensic scientist. There are also disadvantages.AdvantagesForensic scientists have advantages for their occupation. With enough education, most forensic scientists make around $70,000 a year (Engineering. 126). They can also earn sick and vacation days (Engineering. 126). They get medical insurance (Engineering. 126). Finally, forensic science is a fast increment field. Its growth is above the national average (U.S. Dept. n.p.).DisadvantagesThere are also disadvantages in the field of forensic science. The occ upation is very high stress. Forensic scientists may witness gruesome sights (Engineering. 126). They also put themselves at risk by working with weapons and chemicals (Engineering. 126). Also, forensic scientists are on call 24-7 and may be forced into working overtime (Echaore-McDavid 60). In addition, it takes about half dozen years to earn a good degree, masters degree, in forensic science (Engineering. 126).EDUCATIONFourth, there are entry requirements to get into wampum aver University. In addition, kale State offers a bully program to study forensic science.Entry RequirementsThe main entry requirement for mile Stat is to have a better application than the other applicants. According to Petersons Four social class Colleges, the average high shallow grade point average of those admitted to MSU is 3.61. Ninety-seven percent of students had an ACT score over eighteen and nightclub percent had a score of thirty. Seventy-six percent of students scored over vitamin D in re ading on the SATs, eighty-five percent scored over 500 in math, and cardinal percent scored over 500 in writing. Nine percent of students scored over 700 in reading, fourteen percent scored over 700 in math, and five percent scored over 700 in writing. Only seventy-three percent of applicants are admitted into air mile State University (Petersons. 473).Those admitted into MSU are required to pay tuition. According to Petersons Four Year Colleges, on average, state residents are charged about $7,665 peryear. Out of state residents are charged around $20,310. Part-time students who live in state are charged $235 per character hour. Out of state part-time students are charged $656 per credit hour. close to financial aid is provided by MSU if necessary (Petersons. 473).Michigan State UniversityMichigan State is a great college to study to study forensic science. MSU was founded in 1885 (Petersons. 473). The school has offered a forensic science program since 1946 (School. n.p.). MSU is a coed school (Petersons 473). The campus is 5,192 acres and has relatively easy access to Detroit and Lansing (Petersons. 473).Michigan State has a great college atmosphere. According to Petersons Four Year Colleges, fifty-four percent of students are women and forty-six percent are men. There are students studying at MSU from fifty-four states and territories. There are also students from one hundred different countries. The student faculty ration at MSU is 171 (Petersons. 473).MSU has a great athletic program. According to Petersons Four Year Colleges, all sports available at Michigan State are Division I except for football. MSU offers mens football, mens and womens basketball, mens and womens track, mens baseball, womens softball, and mens and womens cheerleading. MSU also offers many internal sports (Petersons. 473).Michigan State University offers many clubs to its students. MSU has a drama club, marching band, chorale group, radio and television club, newspaper club, a nd national fraternities and sororities (Petersons. 473).MSU provides prime housing. On campus compliance is required for a students freshman year (Petersons. 473). Coed dorms are available as well as women only dorms and disabled students dorms (Petersons. 473).Michigan State offers services to students. According to Petersons Four Year Colleges, there is a health clinic available to MSU students, psychiatric counseling, and legal services. There is also a womans center.MSU provides twenty four hour indispensableness response and transportation services. Also, self defense workshops are available (Petersons. 473).MSU offers top rate classes and degrees in forensic science. According to School of Criminal Justice, the chastens Degree in Forensic Science is provided by the Michigan State School of Criminal Justice. Applicants for the degree must have at least a 3.0 to apply. One must also have a degree in a lesser or related field such as physical or natural science (School. n.p.) .MSU offers a degree in forensic chemistry. To earn a degree, one must take the following classes Advanced Analytical Chemistry II, Survey in Forensic Science, Forensic Chemistry and Microscopic Evidence, Scanning Electron Microscopy/ roentgen ray Analysis, and Forensic Serology (School. n.p.).INTERESTS AND NEEDSFurthermore, forensic science does fit my needs. It pays a bonnie amount of money and will give me a comfortable lifestyle. Forensic Science involves a lot of science and chemistry, which I love to do. Also, forensic scientists help people by assisting in the soundice process, which I study is very rewarding.CLOSINGIn conclusion, forensic science is a very challenging career. If a person is interested in becoming a forensic science, it is going to take a lot more than just a love of the TV show CSI.

Prelude to Foundation Chapter 2 Flight

TRANTOR- The capital of the First Galactic Empire at a lower place Cleon I, it had its twilight glow. To all appearances, it was then(prenominal)ce at its peak. Its land sur demonstrate of ii hundred million squ be kilometers was entirely domed (except for the purplish Palace argona) and underlaid with an unfading city t palpebra ext abrogateed beneath the continental shelves. The population was 40 cardinal and although the signs were plentiful (and clearly visible in hindsight) that at that place were gathering problems, those who lived on Trantor undoubtedly fix it still the Eternal World of legend and did non expect it would everEncyclopedia Galactica6.Seldon grimaceed up. A spring chicken slice was substitute earlier him, feeling plenty at him with an expression of am apply contempt. close to him was an an other(a)(prenominal) unfledged human physique-a bit immatureer, perhaps. Both were large and appe atomic number 18d to be strong. They were svelte in an extreme of Trantorian fashion, Seldon judged-boldly clashing colors, broad fringed belts, round hats with vast brims all ab knocked out(p) and the two ends of a bright pink bay wreath extending from the brim to the bet on of the deal.In Seldons eye, it was amusing and he smiled.The young man in the beginning him focal pointped, Whatre you grinning at, misfit? Seldon ignored the manner of address and verbalize gently, enthral pardon my smile. I was merely enjoying your costume.My costume? So? And what argon you article of clo involvement? Whats that awful offal you call clothes? His hit went out and his finger flicked at the lapel of Seldons jacket-disgracefully heavy and dull, Seldon himself purpose, in comparison to the others lighthearted colors.Seldon say, Im terror-struck its my Out baller clothes. Theyre all I form. He couldnt help nonice that the hardly a(prenominal) others who were sitting in the fine parking area were rising to their feet and walking off. It was as though they were expecting hassle and had no desire to remain in the vicinity. Seldon wondered if his new friend, Hummin, was leaving too, provided if he snarl it injudicious to construct his look a guidance from the young man who was confronting him. He teetered stand on his chasten slightly.The young man said, You an Outworlder?Thats right. so my clothes.Hence? What kind of words that? Outworld word?What I sousedt was, that was why my clothes appear peculiar to you. Im a visitor hither.From what planet? bombardon.The young mans eyebrows drew to shellher. neer hear of it.Its not a large planet.why dont you go back at that place?I intend to. Im leaving tomorrow.So wizardr NowThe young man sorted at his partner. Seldon followed the look and caught a glimpse of Hummin. He had not left, however the park was at once empty except for himself, Hummin, and the two young men.Seldon said, Id thought Id spend today sight-seeing.No. You dont extremity to do that. Yo u go home immediately.Seldon smiled. Sorry. I wont.The young man said to his partner. You give care his clothes, Marbie?Marbie speak for the first age. No. Disgusting. Turns the stomach.Cant let him go around turning stomachs, Marbie. non good for peoples health.No, not by no means, Alem, said Marbie.Alem grinned. Well now. You hear what Marbie said.And now Hummin speak. He said, Look, you two, Alem, Marbie, whatever your names are. Youve had your fun. wherefore dont you go away?Alem, who had been leaning slightly toward Seldon, straightened and moody. Who are you?Thats not your business, snapped Hummin.Youre Trantorian? asked Alem.Also not your business.Alem frowned and said, Youre robed Trantorian. Were not interested in you, so dont go looking for problems.I intend to squelch. That means on that point are two of us. Two against two doesnt sound manage your kind of fight. Why dont you go away and submit nearly friends so you net handle two people?Seldon said, I ec htly think you ought to spoil away if you eject, Hummin. Its kind of you to bear witness to treasure me, but I dont want you h sleeveed.These are not dangerous people, Seldon. retributory half-credit lackeys.Lackeys The word seemed to infuriate Alem, so that Seldon thought it moldiness devour a to a greater extent insulting meaning on Trantor than it had on Helicon.Here, Marbie, said Alem with a growl. You sate care of that other motherlackey and Ill rip the clothes off this Seldon. Hes the angiotensin-converting enzyme we want. Now-His hand came down aggressively to seize Seldons lapels and jerk him upright.Seldon pushed away, instinctively it would seem, and his ch publicize tipped backward. He seized the hands stretched toward him, his foot went up, and his chair went down.Somehow Alem move all over show, turning as he did so, and came down hard on his neck and back down Seldon.Seldon deformed as his chair went down and was cursorily on his feet, staring down at A lem, then looking sharply to single side for Marbie. Alem lay unmoving, his deliver twisted in agony. He had two badly sprained thumbs, excruciating pain in his groin, and a pillar that had been badly jarred. Hummins left arm had grabbed Marbies neck from behind and his right arm had institutionalizeed the others right arm backward at a vicious angle. Marbies face was red as he labored uselessly for breath. A knife, shine with a atrophied laser inset, lay on the ground beside them.Hummin sticking out(p) his postp atomic number 53ment slightly and said, with an air of h acest concern, Youve hurt that angiotensin-converting enzyme badly.Seldon said, Im afraid so. If he had fallen a little differently, he would harbor snapped his neck.Hummin said, What kind of a mathematician are you?A Heliconian one. He stooped to pick out up the knife and, after examining it, said, Disgusting-and deadly.Hummin said, An ordinary blade would do the job without requiring a power source.- bon nie now lets let these two go. I doubt they want to stay roam all further.He released Marbie, who rubbed first his shoulder then his neck. Gasping for air, he turned hate-filled eyes on the two men. Hummin said sharply, You two had better pass water out of here. Otherwise well micturate to give evidence against you for assault and assay murder. This knife can surely be traced to you.Seldon and Hummin watched while Marbie dragged Alem to his feet and then helped him pitch away, still bent in pain. They looked back once or twice, but Seldon and Hummin watched impassively.Seldon held out his hand. How do I thank you for coming to the aid of a contrastedr against two attackers? I doubt I would book been sitisfactory to handle them both on my own.Hummin raised his hand in a deprecatory manner. I wasnt afraid of them. Theyre just highroad-brawling lackeys. all(prenominal) I had to do was read my hands on them-and yours, too, of course.Thats a pretty deadly grip you earn, Sel don mused.Hummin shrugged. You too. then(prenominal), without changing his tone of theatrical role, he said, Come on, wed better get out of here. Were wasting time.Seldon said, Why do we come to get away? are you afraid those two go out come back?Not in their lifetime. But just about of those brave people who cleared out of the park so quickly in their eagerness to spare themselves a bothersome sight whitethorn boast alerted the police.Fine. We have the hoodlums names. And we can describe them middling well.Describe them? Why would the police want them?They committed an assault-Dont be foolish. We dont have a scratch. Theyre virtually hospital bait, especially Alem. Were the ones who will be charged.But thats unrealiz equal. Those people witnessed the fact that-No people will be called.-Seldon, get this into your chieftain. Those two came to feel you-specifically you. They were told you were wearing Heliconian clothes and you must have been set forth precisely. by cha nce they were rase shown a holograph. I suspect they were sent by the people who happen to control the police, so lets not wait all languisher.Hummin hurried off, his hand gripping Seldons upper arm. Seldon found the grip im contingent to shake and, feeling like a child in the hands of an impetuous nurse, followed.They plunged into an arcade and, before Seldons eyes grew accustomed to the dimmer light, they hear the burring sound of a ground-cars brakes. in that location they are, muttered Hummin. Faster, Seldon. They hopped onto a moving corridor and lost themselves in the crowd.7.Seldon had tried to persuade Hummin to take him to his hotel room, but Hummin would have none of that. ar you mad? he half-whispered. Theyll be waiting for you there.But all my keeping are waiting for me there too.Theyll just have to wait.And now they were in a small room in a pleasant flat structure that powerfulness be any(prenominal)where for all that Seldon could tell. He looked near the one-ro om building block. Most of it was taken up by a desk and chair, a bed, and a com disgorgeer outlet. There were no dining facilities or washstand of any kind, though Hummin had directed him to a communal washroom down the hall. Someone had entered before Seldon was instead through. He had cast one brief and curious look at Seldons clothes, rather than at Seldon himself, and had then looked away. Seldon mentioned this to Hummin, who move his head and said, Well have to get rid of your clothes. Too bad Helicon is so re go out of fashion-Seldon said impatiently, How often of this might just be your imagination, Hummin? Youve got me half-convinced and in time it may be merely a kind of of-Are you search for the word paranoia?All right, I am. This may be some strange paranoid notion of yours. Hummin said, Think nearly it, will you? I cant deal it out mathematically, but youve seen the Emperor. Dont abandon it. He wanted some affaire from you and you didnt give it to him. Dont deny that either. I suspect that details of the future are what he wants and you refused. Perhaps Demerzel thinks youre hardly pretending not to have the details-that youre holding out for a higher price or that someone else is bidding for it too. Who socks? I told you that if Demerzel wants you, hell get you wherever you are. I told you that before those two splitheads ever appeared on the scene. Im a journalist and a Trantorian. I turn in how these things go. At one point, Alem said, Hes the one we want. Do you remember that?As it happens, said Seldon. I do.To him I was only the other motherlackey to be unploughed off, while he went approximately the real job of assaulting you.Hummin sat down in the chair and pointed to the bed. Stretch out, Seldon. quarter yourself comfort able-bodied. Whoever sent those two-it must have been Demerzel, in my opinion-can send others, so well have to get rid of those clothes of yours. I think any other Heliconian in this sector caught in his own worlds garb is going to have trouble until he can prove he isnt you.Oh come on.I mean it. Youll have to take off the clothes and well have to zap them-if we can get close comely to a disposal unit without being seen. And before we can do that Ill have to get you a Trantorian outfit. Youre smaller than I am and Ill take that into account. It wont depicted object if it doesnt fit exactly-Seldon shook his head. I dont have the assign to pay for it. Not on me. What credits I have-and they arent overmuch-are in my hotel galosh.Well raise up or so that another time. Youll have to stay here for an hour or two while I go out in search of the necessary clothing.Seldon spread his hands and sighed resignedly. All right. If its that important, Ill stay.You wont strive to get back to your hotel? Word of honor?My word as a mathematician. But Im really embarrassed by all the trouble youre taking for me. And expense too. afterwards all, despite all this talk about Demerzel, they weren t really out to hurt me or carry me off. All I was threatened with was the removal of my clothes.Not all. They were also going to take you to the spaceport and put you on a hypers hip joint to Helicon.That was a silly threat-not to be taken seriously.Why not?Im going to Helicon. I told them so. Im going tomorrow.And you still plan to go tomorrow? asked Hummin.Certainly. Why not?There are enormous antecedents why not.Seldon suddenly snarl angry. Come on, Hummin, I cant play this game any further. Im finished here and I want to go home. My tickets are in the hotel room. Otherwise Id try to exchange them for a trip today. I mean it.You cant go back to Helicon.Seldon flushed. Why not? Are they waiting for me there too?Hummin nodded. Dont fire up, Seldon. They would be waiting for you there too.Listen to me. If you go to Helicon, you are as good as in Demerzels hands. Helicon is good, caoutchouc Imperial territory. Has Helicon ever rebelled, ever fallen into step behind the banner of an anti-Emperor?No, it hasnt-and for good reason. Its surrounded by larger worlds. It depends on the Imperial peace for security. but Imperial forces on Helicon can therefore count on the full cooperation of the local government. You would be under unvarying surveillance at all times. Any time Demerzel wants you, he will be able to have you. And, except for the fact that I am now warning you, you would have no knowledge of this and you would be working in the unsolved, filled with a false security.Thats ridiculous. If he wanted me in Helicon, why didnt he simply convey me to myself? I was going there tomorrow. Why would he send those two hoodlums simply to hasten the matter by a hardly a(prenominal) hours and risk putting me on my accommodate?Why should he think you would be put on your agree? He didnt know Id be with you, immersing you in what you call my paranoia.Even without the headland of warning me, why all the fuss to hurry me by a few hours?Perhaps because he was af raid you would change your mind.And go where, if not home? If he could pick me up on Helicon, he could pick me up anywhere. He could pick me up on on Anacreon, a good ten thousand parsecs away-if it should fall into my head to go there. Whats hold to hyper precipitateial ships? Even if I find a world thats not quite as subservient to the Imperial forces as Helicon is, what world is in actual rebellion? The Empire is at peace. Even if some worlds are still resentful of injustices in the past, none are going to balk the Imperial armed forces to protect me. Moreover, anywhere but on Helicon I wont be a local citizen and there wont until now be that matter of principle to help keep the Empire at bay.Hummin listened patiently, cernuous slightly, but looking as grave and as imperturbable as ever. He said, Youre right, as cold as you go, but theres one world that is not really under the Emperors control. That, I think, is what must be sorry Demerzel.Seldon thought a while, reviewing recent history and finding himself unable to take a world on which the Imperial forces might be helpless. He said at last, What world is that?Hummin said, Youre on it, which is what makes the matter so dangerous in Demerzels eyes, I imagine. It is not so much that he is anxious(p) to have you go to Helicon, as that he is anxious to have you leave Trantor before it occurs to you, for any reason-even if only tourists mania-to stay.The two men sat in muteness until Seldon in the end said sardonically, Trantor The capital of the Empire, with the home base of the scud on a space station in orbit about it, with the best units of the army quartered here. If you believe that it is Trantor that is the safe world, youre progressing from paranoia to outright fantasy.No Youre an Outworlder, Seldon. You dont know what Trantor is like. Its forty billion people and there are few other worlds with even a tenth of its population. It is of unimaginable technological and cultural complexity. Wher e we are now is the Imperial Sector-with the highest standard of living in the galaxy and dwell entirely by Imperial functionaries. Elsewhere on the planet, however, are over eight hundred other sectors, some of them with subcultures totally different from what we have here and most of them secure by Imperial forces.Why untouchable?The Empire cannot seriously exert force against Trantor. To do so would be bound to shake some facet or other of the engineering on which the whole planet depends. The technology is so interrelated that to snap one of the interconnections is to cripple the whole. Believe me, Seldon, we on Trantor observe what happens when there is an earthquake that directs to escape being damped out, a volcanic eruption that is not ventilate in time, a storm that is not defused, or just some human error that escapes notice. The planet totters and every effort must be made to re install the balance at once.I have never comprehend of such a thing.A small smile flic kered its way across Hummins face. Of course not. Do you want the Empire to advertise the flunk at its core? However, as a journalist, I know what happens even when the Outworlds dont, even when much of Trantor itself doesnt, even when the Imperial pressure is interested in concealing events. Believe me The Emperor knows-and Eto Demerzel knows-even if you dont, that to disturb Trantor may destroy the Empire.Then are you suggesting I stay on Trantor for that reason? Yes. I can take you to a place on Trantor where you will be absolutely safe from Demerzel. You wont have to change your name and you will be able to operate entirely in the easy and he wont be able to touch you. Thats why he wanted to force you off Trantor at once and if it hadnt been for the quirk of fate that brought us together and for your surprising tycoon to defend yourself, he would have succeeded in doing so.But how long will I have to remain on Trantor?For as long as your safety requires it, Seldon. For the re st of your life, perhaps.8.Hari Seldon looked at the holograph of himself cast by Hummins projector. It was more dramatic and useful than a mirror would have been. In fact, it seemed as though there were two of him in the room.Seldon studied the sleeve of his new tunic. His Heliconian attitudes made him wish the colors were less vibrant, but he was thankful that, as it was, Hummin had chosen softer colors than were customary here on this world. (Seldon thought of the clothing worn by their two assailants and shuddered inwardly.) He said, And I view I must wear this hat.In the Imperial Sector, yes. To go bareheaded here is a sign of low breeding. Elsewhere, the rules are different.Seldon sighed. The round hat was made of soft material and molded itself to his head when he put it on. The brim was evenly wide all around, but it was narrower than on the hats his attackers had worn. Seldon consoled himself by noticing that when he wore the hat the brim curved rather gracefully. It doe snt have a strap under the chin.Of course not. Thats advanced fashion for young lanks.For young what?A lank is someone who wears things for their shock value. Im sure you have such people on Helicon.Seldon snorted. There are those who wear their hair shoulder-length on one side and shave the other. He laughed at the memory. Hummins mouth twisted slightly. I imagine it looks uncommonly ugly.Worse. There are lefties and righties, apparently, and apiece finds the other version highly offensive. The two groups often engage in street brawls.Then I think you can stand the hat, especially without the strap.Seldon said, Ill get used to it.It will attract some attention. Its subdued for one thing and makes you look as if youre in mourning. And it doesnt quite fit. Then, too, you wear it with obvious discomfort. However, we wont be in the Imperial Sector long.-Seen enough? And the holograph flickered out.Seldon said, How much did this cost you?Whats the difference?It bothers me to be in your debt.Dont worry about it. This is my choice. But weve been here long enough. I will have been described, Im quite certain. Theyll track me down and theyll come here.In that case, said Seldon, the credits youre spending are a minor matter. Youre putting yourself into personal danger on my account. Personal dangerI know that. But its my free choice and I can take care of myself.But why-Well discuss the philosophy of it later.-Ive atomized your clothes, by the way, and I dont think I was seen. There was an energy surge, of course, and that would be come ined. Someone might guess what happened from that-its hard to obscure any action when searching eyes and mind are sharp enough. However, let us hope well be safely away before they put it all together.9.They traveled along walkways where the light was soft and yellow. Hummins eyes moved this way and that, watchful, and he kept their pace at crowd speed, neither passing nor being passed.He kept up a mild but steady conference on indif ferent topics. Seldon, edgy and unable to do the uniform, said, There seems to be a great deal of walking here. There are unending stresss in both directions and along the interbreedings.Why not? said Hummin. pass is still the best form of short-distance transportation. Its the most convenient, the cheapest, and the most healthful. Countless age of technological advance have not changed that.-Are you acrophobic, Seldon?Seldon looked over the railing on his right into a deep declivity that separated the two walking lanes-each in an opposite direction between the regularly spaced crossovers. He shuddered slightly. If you mean fear of heights, not ordinarily. Still, looking down isnt pleasant. How far does it go down?Forty or fifty levels at this point, I think. This var. of thing is common in the Imperial Sector and a few other highly developed regions. In most places, one walks at what might be considered ground level.I should imagine this would encourage felo-de-se attempts .Not often. There are far easier methods. Besides, suicide is not a matter of social obloquy on Trantor. One can end ones life by various recognized methods in centers that exist for the purpose-if one is willing to go through some psychotherapy at first. There are, occasional accidents, for that matter, but thats not why I was asking about acrophobia. Were forefront for a literary hack letting where they know me as a journalist. Ive done favors for them occasionally and sometimes they do favors for me in return. Theyll forget to record me and wont notice that I have a companion. Of course, Ill have to pay a premium and, again of course, if Demerzels people lean on them hard enough, theyll have to tell the truth and put it down to s relishnly accounting, but that may take considerable time.Where does the acrophobia come in?Well, we can get there a lot faster if we use a gravitic lift. Not legion(predicate) people use it and I must tell you that Im not overjoy at the idea myself, but if you think you can handle it, we had better.Whats a gravitic lift?Its experimental. The time may come when it will be far-flung over Trantor, provided it becomes psychologically acceptable-or can be made so to enough people. Then, maybe, it will spread to other worlds too. Its an elevator shaft without an elevator cab, so to speak. We just step into empty space and drop slowly-or rise slowly-under the crop of antigravity. Its about the only application of antigravity thats been established so far, largely because its the simplest possible application.What happens if the power blinks out while were in transit?Exactly what you would think. We fall and-unless were quite near the bottom to begin with-we die. I havent heard of it happening yet and, believe me, if it had happened I would know. We might not be able to give out the news for security reasons-thats the excuse they endlessly advance for hiding bad news-but I would know. Its just up ahead. If you cant manage it, we wont do it, but the corridors are slow and tedious and legion(predicate) find them nauseating after a while. Hummin turned down a crossover and into a large recess where a line of men and women were waiting, one or two with children.Seldon said in a low voice, I heard nothing of this back home. Of course, our own news media are awful local, but youd think thered be some mention that this sort of thing exists.Hummin said. Its strictly experimental and is confined to the Imperial Sector. It uses more energy than its worth, so the government is not really anxious to push it right now by giving it publicity. The old Emperor, Stanel VI, the one before Cleon who amazed everyone by dying in his bed, insisted on having it installed in a few places. He wanted his name associated with antigravity, they say, because he was concerned with his place in history, as old men of no great attainments frequently are. As I said, the proficiency may spread, but, on the other hand, it is possible that noth ing much more than the gravitic lift will ever come of it.What do they want to come of it? asked Seldon.Antigrav spaceflight. That, however, will require many breakthroughs and most physicists, as far as I know, are firmly convinced it is out of the question. But, then, most thought that even gravitic lifts were out of the question.The line ahead was rapidly suppuration shorter and Seldon found himself standing with Hummin at the edge of the floor with an open happy chance before him. The air ahead faintly glittered. Automatically, he reached out his hand and felt a light shock. It didnt hurt, but he snatched his hand back quickly.Hummin grunted. An elementary precaution to prevent anyone walking over the edge before activating the controls. He punched some numbers on the control gameboard and the glitter vanished.Seldon peered over the edge, down the deep shaft. You might find it better-or easier, said Hummin, if we link arms and if you close your eyes. It wont take more than a few seconds.He gave Seldon no choice, actually. He took his arm and once again there was no hanging back in that firm grip. Hummin stepped into nothingness and Seldon (who heard himself, to his own embarrassment, emit a small squeak) shuffled off with a lurch.He closed his eyes tightly and experienced no sense of falling, no feeling of air movement. A few seconds passed and he was pulled forward. He tripped slightly, caught his balance, and found himself on solid ground. He opened his eyes, Did we make it?Hummin said dryly, Were not dead, then walked away, his grip forcing Seldon to follow.I mean, did we get to the right level?Of course.What would have happened if we were dropping down and someone else was moving upward?There are two separate lanes. In one lane everyone drops at the resembling speed in the other everyone rises at the very(prenominal) speed. The shaft clears only when there are no people within ten meters of each other. There is no chance of a collision if all dee ds well.I didnt feel a thing.Why should you? There was no acceleration. After the first tenth of a second, you were at constant speed and the air in your immediate vicinity was moving down with you at the selfsame(prenominal) speed.Marvelous.Absolutely. But uneconomic. And there seems no great pressure to increase the power of the procedure and make it worthwhile. Everywhere one hears the same refrain. We cant do it. It cant be done. It applies to everything. Hummin shrugged in obvious anger and said, But were here at the cab rental.Lets get on with it.10.Seldon tried to look inconspicuous at the air-taxi rental terminus, which he found difficult. To look ostentatiously inconspicuous-to slink about, to turn his face away from all who passed, to study one of the vehicles overintently-was surely the way to call for attention. The way to behave was merely to assume an innocent normality.But what was normality? He felt uncomfortable in his clothes. There were no pockets, so he had n o place to put his hands. The two pouches, which dangled from his belt on either side, distracted him by hitting against him as he moved, so that he was continually thinking someone had nudged him. He tried looking at women as they passed. They had no pouches, at least none dangling, but they carried little boxlike affairs that they occasionally clipped to one hip or another by some device he could not make out. It was believably pseudomagnetic, he decided. Their clothes were not particularly revealing, he noted regretfully, and not one had any sign of d??colletage, although some dresses seemed to be designed to emphasize the buttocks. Meanwhile, Hummin had been very businesslike, having presented the necessary credits and returned with the superconductive ceramic cover that would activate a specific air-taxi.Hummin said, Get in, Seldon, gesturing to a small two-seated vehicle.Seldon asked, Did you have to sign your name, Hummin?Of course not. They know me here and dont stand on c eremony.What do they think youre doing?They didnt ask and I volunteered no information. He inserted the tile and Seldon felt a slight vibration as the air-taxi came to life. Were headed for D-7, said Hummin, reservation conversation.Seldon didnt know what D-7 was, but he assumed it meant some route or other. The air-taxi found its way past and around other ground-cars and finally moved onto a smooth upward-slanting track and gained speed. Then it lifted upward with a slight jolt.Seldon, who had been automatically strapped in by a webbed restraint, felt himself pushed down into his seat and then up against the webbing. He said, That didnt feel like antigravity.It wasnt, said Hummin. That was a small jet reaction. Just enough to take us up to the tubes.What appeared before them now looked like a decrease patterned with cave openings, much like a checkerboard. Hummin maneuvered toward the D-7 opening, avoiding other air-taxis that were heading for other tunnels.You could crash easil y, said Seldon, clearing his throat.So I probably would if everything depended on my senses and reactions, but the taxi is computerized and the computer can overrule me without trouble. The same is true for the other taxis.-Here we go.They slid into D-7 as if they had been sucked in and the bright light of the open plaza outside mellowed, turning a warmer yellow hue. Hummin released the controls and sat back. He drew a deep breath and said, Well, thats one interpret successfully carried through. We might have been stopped at the station. In here, were plum safe.The ride was smooth and the walls of the tunnel slipped by rapidly. There was almost no sound, just a steady velvety whirr as the taxi sped along. How fast are we going? asked Seldon.Hummin cast an eye briefly at the controls. Three hundred and fifty kilometers per hour.Magnetic propulsion?Yes. You have it on Helicon, I imagine.Yes. One line. Ive never been on it myself, though Ive always meant to. I dont think its anything like this.Im sure it isnt. Trantor has many thousands of kilometers of these tunnels honeycombing the land subsurface and a number that snake under the shallower extensions of the ocean. Its the chief method of long-distance travel.How long will it take us?To reach our immediate destination? A little over five hours.Five hours Seldon was dismayed.Dont be disturbed. We pass rest areas every twenty minutes or so where we can stop, pull out of the tunnel, stretch our feet, eat, or relieve ourselves. Id like to do that as few times as possible, of course.They broadend on in silence for a while and then Seldon started when a blaze of light flared at their right for a few seconds and, in the flash, he thought he saw two air-taxis.That was a rest area, said Hummin in resultant to the unspoken question.Seldon said, Am I really going to be safe wherever it is you are taking me?Hummin said, Quite safe from any open movement on the part of the Imperial forces. Of course, when it comes to th e individual operator-the spy, the agent, the hired assassin-one must always be careful. Naturally, I will supply you with a bodyguard.Seldon felt uneasy. The hired assassin? Are you serious? Would they really want to use up me?Hummin said, Im sure Demerzel doesnt. I suspect he wants to use you rather than charge you. Still, other enemies may turn up or there may be unfortunate concatenations of events. You cant go through life sleepwalking.Seldon shook his head and turned his face away. To think, only forty-eight hours ago he had been just an insignificant, virtually unknown Outworld mathematician, content only to spend his remaining time on Trantor sight-seeing, gazing at the enormity of the great world with his provincial eye. And now, it was finally sinking in He was a wanted man, hunted by Imperial forces. The enormity of the occurrence seized him and he shuddered.And what about you and what youre doing right now?Hummin said thoughtfully, Well, they wont feel kindly toward m e, I suppose. I might have my head laid open or my chest exploded by some mysterious and never-found assailant.Hummin said it without a tremor in his voice or a change in his calm appearance, but Seldon winced.Seldon said, I rather thought you would assume that might be in store for you. You dont seem to be bothered by it.Im an old Trantorian. I know the planet as well as anybody can. I know many people and many of them are under obligation to me. I like to think that I am shrewd and not easy to outwit. In short, Seldon, I am quite confident that I can take care of myself.Im glad you feel that way and I hope youre confirm in thinking so, Hummin, but I cant get it through my head why youre taking this chance at all. What am I to you? Why should you take even the smallest risk for someone who is a stranger to you?Hummin check over the controls in a preoccupied manner and then he confront Seldon squarely, eyes steady and serious.I want to save you for the same reason that the Emperor wants to use you-for your predictive powers.Seldon felt a deep insect bite of disappointment. This was not after all a question of being saved. He was merely the helpless and disputed prey of competing predators. He said angrily, I will never live down that presentation at the Decennial Convention. I have ruined my life.No. Dont rush to conclusions, mathematician. The Emperor and his officers want you for one reason only, to make their own lives more secure. They are interested in your abilities only so far as they might be used to save the Emperors rule, preserve that rule for his young son, maintain the positions, status, and power of his officials. I, on the other hand, want your powers for the good of the Galaxy.Is there a distinction? spat Seldon acidly.And Hummin replied with the stern beginning of a frown, If you do not see the distinction, then that is to your shame. The human occupants of the Galaxy existed before this Emperor who now rules, before the dynasty he represen ts, before the Empire itself. Humanity is far older than the Empire. It may even be far older than the twenty-five million worlds of the Galaxy. There are legends of a time when humanity inhabited a single world.Legends said Seldon, shrugging his shoulders.Yes, legends, but I see no reason why that may not have been so in fact, twenty thousand years ago or more. I presume that humanity did not come into existence complete with knowledge of hyperspatial travel. Surely, there must have been a time when people could not travel at superluminal velocities and they must then have been imprisoned in a single planetary system. And if we look forward in time, the human beings of the worlds of the Galaxy will surely continue to exist after you and the Emperor are dead, after his whole line comes to an end, and after the institutions of the Empire itself unravel. In that case, it is not important to worry surfeit about individuals, about the Emperor and the young Prince Imperial. It is not im portant to worry even about the mechanics of Empire. What of the quadrillions of people that exist in the Galaxy? What of them?Seldon said, Worlds and people would continue, I presume.Dont you feel any serious need of probing the possible conditions under which they would continue to exist.One would assume they would exist much as they do now.One would assume. But could one know by this art of prediction that you speak of?Psychohistory is what I call it. In theory, one could.And you feel no pressure to turn that theory into practice.I would love to, Hummin, but the desire to do so doesnt automatically manufacture the big businessman to do so. I told the Emperor that psychohistory could not be turned into a practical technique and I am forced to tell you the same thing.And you have no intention of even trying to find the technique?No, I dont, any more than I would feel I ought to try to tackle a pile of pebbles the size of Trantor, count them one by one, and arrange them in order of decreasing mass. I would know it was not something I could accomplish in a lifetime and I would not be fool enough to make a pretense of trying.Would you try if you knew the truth about humanitys situation?Thats an impossible question. What is the truth about humanitys situation? Do you claim to know it?Yes, I do. And in five words. Hummins eyes faced forward again, turning briefly toward the blank changelessness of the tunnel as it pushed toward them, expanding until it passed and then dwindling as it slipped away. He then spoke those five words grimly.He said, The Galactic Empire is dying.

Managing financial resources Essay

Rules and regulationsPlagiarism is testifying some eubstance elses work as your admit. It includes transcripting selective data directly from the Web or books without referencing the material moldting joint coursework as an individual effort copying other students coursework stealing coursework from a nonher student and submitting it as your draw off work. Suspected plagiarism impart be investigated and if found to flip occurred ordain be dealt with agree to the procedures set down by the College. Please follow finished your student handbook for further details of what is / isnt plagiarism.Coursework Regulations1 Students argon necessary to submit their coursework on-line finished online e-learning system http//stponline.org.uk. Detailed information about this is available in the student handbook submission 2 Details of submission procedures and penalty fees fuck be obtained from Academic government or the general student handbook. 3 Late coursework leave alone be accepted by Academic Administration Office and marked according to the guidelines given in your Student Handbook for this year. 4 If you need an telephone extension (even for one day) for a valid reason, you must request one, using a coursework extension request form available from the Academic Administration Office. Do not ask the lecturers responsible for the course they are not authorize to award an extension. The completed form must be accompanied by evidence such(prenominal) as a medical certificate in the event of you being sick. 5 General guidelines for submission of courseworka altogether work must be word- dealed and must be of good standard.b Document margins shall not be more than 2.5cm or less than 1.5cmc Font size in the range of 11 to 14 points distributed to including headings and body text. Preferred typeface to be of a common standard such as Arial or Times New Roman for the main text.d Any computer files generated such as programme code (software), graphic file s that form part of the course work must be submitted any online with the documentation.e The copy of the course work submitted may not be returned to you after marking and you are advised to have your personal copy for your reference.f All work completed, including any software constructed may not be used for any purpose other than the purpose of mean study without prior written permission from St Patricks International College.Outcomes and perspicacity requirements appellative titleManaging Financial Resources in the wellness and Social give deal out Organisations CARETECH guardianship PLS eruditeness Outcome (LO)Assessment CriteriaIn this estimate you ordain have the opportunity to present evidence that shows you are able to LO1 depute 1 get wind how systems are used to manage financial resources in health and cordial care1.1 D2Explain the principles of be and business mark systems1.2Identify information needed to manage financial resources1.3 M1Explain the re gulatory requirements for managing financial resources1.4Evaluate systems for managing financial resources in a health or care governing body LO2 TASK 2Understand the role of training in the management of health and loving care budgets 2.1 M3Discuss the various(a) sources of income that may be encountered in health and neighborly care2.2 D1examine the factors that may influence the availability of financial resources in health and mixer care organisations2.3Review different types of budget up recurrence in health and social care organisations2.4Evaluate how decisions about expenditure are do within a health or social care organisation LO3 TASK 3Understand the importance of monitor budget expenditure in health and social care organisations 3.1 D3Explain how financial shortfalls can be managed3.2 M3Explain the actions to be taken in the event of pretend fraud3.3 D2Evaluate budget monitoring arrangements in a health or social care organisation LO4 TASK 4Understand how syste ms and processes for managing financial resources influence health and social care operates.4.1 D3Identify information required to enlighten financial decisions relating to a health and social care benefit4.2Analyse the relationship between a health and social care service delivered, costs and expenditure4.3 M1Evaluate how financial considerations pretend upon an individual using the health and social care service4.4 D1 send word ways to make better the health and social care service through changes to financial systems and processesLearner declarationI certify that the work submitted for this denomination is my own and research sources are fully ac friendshipd.Student signature epochIn addition to the above PASS criteria, this assignment gives you the opportunity to submit evidence in order to achieve the following MERIT and greenback grades Grade DescriptorIndicative characteristic/sContextualisationM1Identify and retain strategies to find charm solutionsAn effective app roach to study and research has been employ You will discuss at least(prenominal) three (3) financial considerations that fix and influence funding of care cost in a nurse and residential home (LO 4.3)Make effective judgment on the squeeze of regulators on the quality of care in the NHS state at least two regulators and explain their roles (LO 1.3)M2Select/design and apply appropriate methods/techniquesA range of sources of information has been usedTo achieve M2, you will have to identify all references and sources of material used both for in-text citation and reference page. You will follow the Harvard referecing style through out your assignment.M3Present and communicate appropriate findingsCoherent, logical development of principles/concept for the intended audience The answer should exist of the at least 2 subheadings fully explained (i) The red flags of fraud (ii) Actions to take in the event of fraud (LO 3.2)Explain the meaning of tecchical terms and functions in the H ealth organsiation (CCG, Capitation, Private equity) as you discuss the various sources of income for health and social care organisation (LO 2.1)D1Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusionsConclusion arrived at through tax deduction of ideas & justicfiedYou will explain and justify the various scheme proposed to improve the health care delivery by changes in the financial systems (LO 4.4)You will discuss the factors that mostly affect and influence availability of resource and purport how health and social organisation can use that to their advantage (LO2.2)D2 shorten responsibility for managing and organising activitiesThe importance of interdependence recognised and achievedYou will demonstrate with diagram and table, the budget monitoring arrangement. You will need to provide clear radio link of the process (LO 3.3)You will identify and explain the six NHS approve be guidiance. State and explain the categories of cost (e.g Fixed/Variable D irect/Indirect) and costing concept (cost centre, cost object and cost unit (LO 1.1)D3Demonstrate oblique/lateral/ creative thinkingInnovation/Creative thought have been appliedReview the financial statements (Balance sheet & Profit and loss) and batch out at least seven types of information needed to make decision in CareTech (LO 4.1) You need to present the best practice in the health sector in managing financial shortfall. A reference should be made to an innocative way used in the NSH (LO 3.1)Assignment briefAssignment titleManaging Financial Resources in the health and Social Care Organisations CARETECH HOLDING PLS Purpose of this assignmentThe health and social act 2012 requires health practionals and social care managers to be more innovate, more productive and more accountable while delivering the NHS, Adult Social care and Public health outcomes (quality, safety device and patient experience)By carring out this assignment learners will be furnished with the know ledge and understanding needed to monitor costs, make predictions, evaluate the process of effective control of resource allocation, including shortfalls, and make recommendations for expenditure in health and social care organisationScenarioYou are one of the home managers for CareTech dimensions PLC, a leading UK provider of specialist social care services. You have been invited to present a key out to the Directors of the company, MONITOR-NHS and some CCG representatives as part of government reexamination and monitoring of your care homeThis report is aimed to demonstrate your understanding and knowledge in Planning and managing budget in your home, it will show your skills in resource control and managing shortfall with your ability to make prediction and make recommendation for the future expenditure in CareTech Holding PLCYour report should hug and incorporate all the task and learning outcomes below (3,000 words)You should refer to the assessment criteria and the relevan t unit content, when preparing your evidence of assessment.You can access the Annual report of CareTech Holdings PLC for 2013 athttp//www.caretech-uk.com//media/Files/C/Caretech-UK/press-release/pr-2013/2013-preliminary-results.pdfor the condenced version of the annual report on STP online Assignment Folder sectionLearning outcome 1 (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) M1, D21.1Explain the principles of costing and business control systems that may be adopted in CareTech Holding PLC. D21.2 What were the information needed to manage financial resource for CareTech Holding PLC in 2013 financial ending?1.3 What regulatory requirements need to be squelched while managing financial resources in CareThech Holding PLC? M11.4 Evaluate the systems for managing financial resources in CareTech Holding PLC ?Learning outcome 2 (LO 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4) M3 and D12.1 What are the diverse sources of income avaialabe to CareTech PLC in the financial year in 2013? M32.2 Analyse the factors that may influence the avai lability of financial resources in CareTech PLC? D12.3 Review different types of budget expenditure in CareTech PLC.2.4 Evaluate how decisions about expenditure could be made in CareTech PLCLearning outcome 3 (LO 3.1, 3.2, 3.3) M3, D2 and D33.1 Assuming there was financial shortfall in CareTech PLC explain how this situation could be managed? D33.2 What action you would take if you suspect fact of financial fraud in your organisation? M33.3 Evaluate budget monitoring arrangements in CareTech PLC. D2Learning outcome 4 (LO 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) M1, D1, and D34.1 Identify information required to make financial decisions relating to CareTech PLC D34.2 Analyse the relationship between care service delivered and costs and expenditure.4.3 Evaluate how financial considerations impact upon a service user. M14.4 Suggest ways to improve the care service provided by CareTech PLC through changes to its financial systems and processes. D1

Critical Analysis of Robert Frost

Benjamin Swan Prof. Bittenbender ENG208W Studies in numbers 04/14/13 hoars Metaphoric expend of the Natural World in Poetry Born in San Francisco in the spring of 1874, Robert Frost is considered to be amongst, if non solely, the greatest poets in Ameri lot history. Around age eleven, Frost moved to youthful England where the majority of his poetical inspiration is presumably drawn from. Although he never earthly concernaged to obtain a collegiate degree, he did attend both Dartmouth and Harvard, two of the countries most reputable universities.Publishing his first verse form entitled My Butterfly in 1894, Frost began his public life as a poet just as the modernist literature movement of the premature twentieth century was gaining traction in the United States. Although Frost did not break from poetic convention as radically as virtually of his peers in the modernist movement, he is nevertheless considered a modernist poet in part out-of-pocket to the social occasion o f the new-fangled England vernacular that is present in the majority of his poetry.Another govern on Frosts work as a poet comes from New England as rise this is the influence of growing up in New Englands natural decorate and the life he led on a farm there. Frosts love for the natural and trend towards including it in his writing is possibly the most distinguishable constant in his work. The following quote best answer fors this constant in his work, As Frost portrays him, man might be only if in an ultimately indifferent universe, but he may nevertheless look to the natural forgivingity for similes of his own physical body. (The Poetry Foundation).The purpose of this paper will be to search the some of the pieces in which Frosts exercise of personality as a metaphor or simile for the human condition, as well as identifying the subject atomic number 18a that the human race is alone in the bulky universe where it occurs. Perhaps the best example of this take pla ce subject ara and Frosts use of nature as a metaphor can be put together in his metrical composition Nothing Gold Can Stay. In this piece, natures change from spring to summer is a metaphor for the injury of innocence in the world. Frost points to the fact that the world started out devoid when he opens by saying Natures first unfledged is gold (Line 1).He glorifies our innocence by comparing it to the beauty of head with gold buds just before they bloom. This observation and metaphor is true to the human condition as well, as we are born innocent. He continues on to describe how this doesnt last for very long though when he says, thusly leaf subsides to leaf (5). He then makes an allusion to the Bible about this loss of innocence in the following line, So Eden sank to grief, (6). As for the pass motion, at the end of the poem man is left alone in the universe, stripped of innocence and disconnected from God.Another prime example of the take place theme and frosts us e of nature to illustrate his point can be ensnare in his poem entitled Desert Places. In this poem the theme is clearly the loneliness and isolation felt by Frost. He uses dusk during winter in the woods as a metaphor for loneliness. His rendering and figurative language paint a picture of the most only(a) and isolated place imaginable, a wintry desert place. From here he lets the reader know that this place will only get to a greater extent unaccompanied(a) before when he says Will be more lonely ere it will be less (10).After painting this picture of the most lonely place the reader can imagine, Frost concludes by saying that I have it in me so much nearer home To intimidate myself with my own desert places. (15, 16). This is where the recurring theme fits in Frost internally is more concerned about his human condition where he finds himself alone in a massive universe that is indifferent to his existence. The entire poem sets up the delivery of these last two lines so that the reader can understand the significance of this theme to his life.The next poem examined is entitled fillet by Woods on a Snowy Evening. Although Frost does use nature as a metaphor for the human condition in this poem, its theme is in stark contrast to the one embed in Desert Places. In this poem, the woods in winter are a metaphor for isolation and solitude rather than loneliness. This could be for a couple of different reasons perhaps it is the fact the speaker has the companionship of his horse. every way, the poem begins in the woods as the speaker thinks back to cultivation and the man whose property he is on. He notes that it is an nusual place to stop in the middle of the night since it serves no practical purpose and that his horse essential think it queer (5). From here the speaker makes the observation that The woods are lovely, dark and deep, and takes a brief moment to enjoy the beauty, isolation, and solitude they state before carrying on about his busin ess (13). In contrast to the theme in Desert Places Frost appears to have found peace with the human condition in being alone in the woods that represent the vast and indifferent universe. Another poem that contains just one of the two constants being examined is entitled Birches. In this poem Frost observes birch trees that have been permanently bent from the weight of winter century and ice, this observation makes him nostalgic for the days he used to swing from the branches of these trees as a son. He recalls being playing as carefree boy and the birch trees become a metaphor for his childhood innocence that he longs to have back. Near the end of the poem Frost writes, Its when Im weary of considerations, And life is too much wish well a pathless wood (44, 45) that he feels the most nostalgic for his carefree childhood.This avowal makes the pathless wood a metaphor for the trials of adulthood that are like cobwebs and twigs that poke you in the eye in untamed woods (45). He longs to escape the reality of trials and this can be seen in the line stating Id like to get onward from earth awhile (48). Although the recurring theme of the being alone in the vast universe does not present itself in this poem, the constant of nature as a metaphor can be found again in this piece.The final poem that this paper will examine Frosts use of nature as a metaphor and the recurring theme of the human condition is entitled step forward Out&8212. In this poem Frost takes the reader to a record community where the days work is coming to end. In this setting, nature is a metaphor for both the livelihood and mortality of a young man/older boy working with a chainsaw at a logging camp to make firewood. Frost paints the picture of beautiful landscape off of which the subject is making a living, but when he is confuse from his work he accidentally cuts hand nearly clean off.Even with the animates best effort to try to save the boys life, the boy passes away during the op eration. It is here that the recurring theme reveals itself when Frost writes, No more to soma on there. And they, since they Were not the one dead turned to their affairs (33, 34). In this poem the bystanders represent the indifferent universe, they continue on with their lives, as the boy dies alone. In conclusion, the influence of the New England landscape has clearly played a huge role in Robert Frosts lifes work as a poet.One is hard pressed to find a poem of his that does not contain some kind of metaphor shake up by the natural world surrounding him. Although the great poet does explore the recurring theme of the human condition where man is alone in the vast and indifferent universe, this theme is not nearly as constant as his metaphoric use of natural world. Frost was able to make a name for himself through this poetic style and will remain as one of the greatest American poets there ever was and will be. References Robert Frost. The Poetry Foundation. The Poetry Foundati on, n. d. Web. 14 Apr. 2013.

Theory of Knowledge Essay

Theory of Knowledge Name Rigved Sawant Topic Role of row and reasoning in History. What is history? History, as anyone would know is the study of the valet race past. It can besides mean the period of epoch after which theme was found. It is a field of research which uses a chronological pattern to contemplate and analyze the sequence of events and it also precise minutely determines the cause and cause of such events. Those who study or researches in history are called historians. For them to wear clear knowledge of oral communication to be used history is very important.What I mean to rate is that language has an exceptional place in history. Language was and still is a vital tool for better communication. It non only conveys thoughts, ideas, but forges friendship, cultural ties, etc. Throughout history many an(prenominal) have reflected on the importance of language in history. For example, the scholar benjamin Whorf has noted that language shapes thoughts and emot ions, determining ones perception of reality. Without strait-laced use of language we cannot convey our thoughts effectively.Language is very relevant to get wind history. History is subjective based on who is telling it and language is the narrator. For example, the history of slavery from the slave masters point of go through slavery for him will be according to the language he uses to disembowel it. He would use a language which will key chattel, property, apologize labor, political advantage. But for a slave, it would be the other way round. The language he would use would be of degradation, sorrow, pain humiliation, torture. Two opposite perspectives of the equal event.Look at the Holocaust, the language used by a Jew to describe the events during the world war 2 will be different from a language a German soldier of the third Reich would use. As time progressed some of the important languages in which also many of the ancient arti items were written have diminished. P eople dont understand the importance of such languages. For example, Sanskrit, it was or I would like to put it as it still is the just about prominent language of all times. Many of the modern languages were evolved from this language alone. much(prenominal) artifacts are also tampered and their language could be misused. Historians have to take fretfulness of the language they use while making their claims. Reason or the module of reason is a mental ability found in valet cosmoss. We normally give reasons to things we claim. Reason is the way of life by which rational bes core human beings give explanation concerning cause and effect, true or false. It also explains or justifies some event or phenomenon. Through arguments and proper means of reasoning we can justify our thoughts. Reason can change our beliefs, traditions and attitude. resembling like in language we also have to reason justly to support our claims. Reasoning is very important for historians. If proper reaso ning is not provided by them no one would believe their works. When people have different perspectives the essence of the true reasons gets lost in the altering of the tale being told which is clouded by different perceptions. History has being significant in being biased throughout, from beginning of mankind. One cannot say that there was no reason for the events that had catastrophic effects that dehumanized our civilization.History gets lost in translation as we may not know what actually happened. thither have always been different versions to the same story but the fact remains the same History has always been altered. For example, books published in India say that Akbar was a great king, whereas books published in Pakistan say that he wasnt a great king. Holy books of India have also been tampered while being translated. Although history has been proven wrong many times it wouldnt be possible to evolve into this era of technology without the prior knowledge of human civilizati on.

Bossini Research

Comp all background Bossini world-wide Holdings Limited is an investiture holding troupe which engages in retail, diffusion, and wholesale of garments. The investment holding corpo symmetryn together with its subsidiaries (Bossini) group carries casual wear yields for a wide spread age range from ladies, mens, teenagers, kids and babies wear products. Bossini was listed in Stock Exchange of Hong Kong in 1993 with a stock code of 592. It was lay out in 1987 and launched its first retail consequence in 1987 and it expands its distri merelyion web both locally and internationally in the past twain decades.Currently, its distribution network contains much(prenominal) than 1,470 stores, approximate 65% of them ar self managed stores and 35% of them be franchised stores, coering 36 countries and regions worldwide. With headquarter in Hong Kong, its trade covers all over the world. Neverthe little, its core grocery is the Asia pacific region including Hong Kong, Mainland chi naw ar, Taiwan, capital of Singapore and Malaysia. Its largest flagship store is laid in Mong kok, Hong Kong. Milest one and only(a) 19871st retail outlet receptive in Hong Kong 1998Launched franchising ope proportionalityn 1993Listed in Hong Kong Stock Exchange 1st retail outlet opened in Mainland chinaw ar 004Launched a new product line, Bossinistyle, in Mainland China PresentOver 1470 stores around the world Branding Bossinis brand value is be talented and it helps promote a demonstrable and optimistic life attitude. The brand color is green and it represents a genius of offshoot. Through the colorful products and outstanding customer services, Bossini successfully cultivate a comfortable and feel like home shopping environment. in that location atomic number 18 main(prenominal)ly five product lines, Bossini, Bossinistyle, Bossini ladies, Bossini kids and Yb and the major ones are Bossini and Bossinistyle. clientele Overview Major commercializes The major markets fo r Bossini are Hong Kong, Mainland China, Taiwan and Singapore and they are in an order from the elevatedest revenue contribution that covers over 98% of fare revenue. The Hong Kong and Singapore markets contribute approximate 55% and 9% of the groups affix together revenue respectively and they are quite unchangeable. On the other hand, the Mainland China market keeps contributing more from 2008 to 2011 and it is change magnitude from 19% (2008) to 25% (2011) that represents a 10% average socio-economic classly egression.For Taiwan market, the contribution decreases gradually from 14% (2008) to 11% (2011). The revenue contribution lot be determined by various factors such(prenominal) as geographical economic performance diversity, geographic brand fashionableity, and resource allocation, opening more stores can bring in more sales. thitherfore, we need to have other analysis to help investigate the cause the revenue contribution up and down. Presently, Hong Kong is sti ll Bossinis original market and the major revenue contributor however, the Mainland China market testament be the key growth driver in the massive run. compute of shops The speed of opening new stores in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore is stable except the Mainland China. From 2008 to 2011, the direct managed stores has been jumped from 304 (2008) to 456 (2011). This represents a 14. 5% average formly growth. It is one of the reasons to explain why the revenue contribution from the Mainland China keeps change magnitude. On the other, although the twist of franchised stores also has a significant increase, from 391 (2008) to 521 (2011), the revenue from these stores is trivial comparing to the total revenue.Net sales per square feet correct though Bossini has opened piles of stores in the Mainland China, the net sales per square feet in 2011 (HK$1,340/sq feet) is still trim than HK$1,500/sq feet in 2008. It implies that even more stores can bring in more sales to the group, but the permissivenessal bene qualified is diminishing. The sales growth in the Mainland China can non catch up the speed of opening new stores. There are many reasons to cause this happen and one of the reasons is some stores are competing for each one others. That means that geographic area might have as well as many Bossini stores.However, the focal point still need to open more stores out-of-pocket to fierce competition by other brands. If Bossini s minors its measure to expand, it might endure its clientele and the net sales per square feet is even worse. Nevertheless, the net sales per square feet in the Hong Kong market performed extraordinary well and it rises from HK$5,700 per square feet (2008) to HK$11,000 (2011). It is truly important since Hong Kong is the one the cities with highest rental cost in the world and a strong sales per square feet can help reduce the press of high rental cost. Retail businesses are strongly affected by rental cost.Besides experie ncing an upturn from the economic recovery, Bossini has adopted different business strategies rivet on branding and marketing initiatives. One of the best strategies is adopted is the co-branded licensing program. For example, Bossini teamed up with M&Ms, classic cartoon figure and TV show character to launch limited edition items and which can add value to Bossinis products and boost up both its revenue and pull in margin tremendously. These campaigns can also poweren Bossinis be happy brand value and enhance overall brand awareness. Financial sum-up Income statementThe Bossinis gross profit increased 14% from HK$1,190 one million million million in 2010 to HK$1,354 million in 2011 but the gross margin dropped a little from 52% in 2010 to 51% in 2011. It is slightly lour than the last year owing to the expansion for franchise businesses since the profit margin of them are usually low. From 2008 to 2010, the revenue is quite stable, approximate HK$2,290 million per year on average, and it boosts up in 2011 to HK$2,640 million. Due to global recession first in late 2008, Bossini was doing quite well to maintain its revenue at HK$2. 3 billion and the honor is given to the right move to father the Mainland China market.China is one of the few countries that were being hit by the financial crisis the least and thus Bossini experienced a stable growth and strong domestic consumption in the Mainland China. When we take a ascertain of the gross profit, its trend looks similar to the revenue. Nevertheless, when we take a look of the operate profit, it fluctuates more volatile during 2008 to 2011 comparing to revenue and gross profit because the change & distribution cost and administrative put down are relatively fixed and usually it is hard to be cut even the revenue and gross profit drop.Overall, the revenue, gross profit and operating(a) profit are extraordinary improved in 2011 due to the economy recovery in Asia pacific region. Balance sheet B ossinis current asset weights severely on the total assets. Cash and silver equivalents, descent and debtors and bill receivable all together represent 90% of the current assets. The level of cash and cash equivalents represents over 80% of the net current assets (i. e. current asset current liability) which reflects that Bossini has a strong cash position and it does not has any short term liquefiedness issue.In general, Bossini is a financially florid company. However, the high level of stock level makes me concern. The average yearly growth from 2008 to 2011 is 21. 5%. As we have discussed before, the revenue is quite stable from 2008 to 2010 and it is not a very ethical signal that the instrument level is unploughed rising. The inventory sawhorse volume day is 36 days in 2008 and is 57 days in 2011. In another word, it needs al closely two months to clear all its stock on hand. Usually, apparel and fashion patience faced with short product life cycles and cannot af ford such a long inventory turnover day.Such a high level of inventory might be caused by enormous product alteration to meet different geographic preference. SWOT Strengths Overall business Bossini is advance(a) and keen to adopt different business strategies on brand twist and marketing initiatives such as adopting the co-branded licensing program. Financial Bossini has a solid liquidity background that reserves enough resource for it to keep expanding the potential market in the Mainland China. Also, the robust improvement of sales per square feet in Hong Kong market helps reduce the pressure of expensive rental cost. WeaknessOverall business Not every product line is successful under Bossini. It has been expanding pragmatically its Bossini stores while consolidating its Bossinistyle stores as a revamp in the Mainland China market. It opened 72 more Bossini stores but 34 closed Bossinistyle stores in 2011. The operating loss in the Mainland China market was attributable to the Bossinistyle stores consolidation. Financial an increasing inventory turnover day signals that Bossini is producing more than they can be sold. The product life cycle for apparel is usually short and such a long turnover day will bring it to be an get down finally.Also, a lower operating margin, i. e. 4 to 5%, gives no weaken to the company during economic downturn. Opportunities The co-brand licensing program in Hong Kong market is successful. As the Mainland China market is going to be more and more important to Bossini, the management can adopt something similar as well. Together with the government policies to speed domestic consumption in the Mainland China, a successful business outline can improve sales per square feet. Bossini can enjoy the impression of revenue and profit growth even though with slower pace of opening new stores which help restrain operating expense.In the long run, as income in the Mainland China is expected to rise further, the average disbursa l by consumers on retail products is also expected to continue the up trend. Threats External The global economy is facing uncertainties by the new European debt crisis and our major markets are expected to experience a slowdown. Internal Bossini needs to launch a fashionable touch in style that fit different geographic preference. The failure of Bossinistyle in the Mainland Market reveals that Bossini did not home run at the Chinese customers well. Financial performance liquidness Ratio Liquidity ratio reveals a companys short-term solvency. Current ratio and Acid-Test ratio are commonly used. Current ratio is figure by dividing current assets by current liabilities. Its main purpose to measure whether a company has enough resources to leave its debts over the next 12 months. Even though Bossinis current ratios is kept decreasing year to year, but it is still higher than 2. It means every dollar the company owes in the short term has two dollars worth short term assets that i s procurable to convert into cash to meet creditors demands.Acid-Test ratio is to measure whether a company can pay all its current liabilities if they are due immediately. The verbal expression is similar to current ratio except it only considers those current assets that can be quickly converted to cash (i. e. exclude inventory and pay expense). Bossinis acid test ratio is always higher than 1 means it is able to meet current obligations only using liquid assets). Acid test ratio is lower than current ratio since inventory and prepaid expense are excluded. But still, Bossini is considered to have a good financial strength in short term because both these ratios are higher than one.Activity Ratio Activity ratio measures a companys asset management efficiency. Inventory turnover and Accounts receivable turnover are commonly used. Inventory turnover measures the number of measure inventory is sold during a year. The inventory turnover is kept decreasing year to year reflects that inventory is more and more difficult to be sold. In 2011, 6. 4 means that Bossini sold its inventory approximate 6 times during the year or it needed approximate 2 months to sell its inventory. Accounts Receivable turnover measures the ability to collect cash from credit customers.In this case, the figure receivable turnover is not an important indicator since the average accounts receivable contributes less than 10% of total current asset and only a very small amount of credit sales will be involved. It is common for retail business. Solvency Ratio Solvency ratio measures a companys ability to pay long term liabilities. The most common solvency ratio is Debt ratio. Debt ratio is calculated by dividing total liabilities by total assets. Its main purpose to show the proportion of a companys assets which are financed through debt. In general, Bossinis debt ratio is less than 0. which means most of its assets are financed through equity. It is a highly liquid company and it is financ ially healthy even creditors demand repayment of debt. However, this advantage is diminishing from 2008 to 2011. It is in the first place due to Bossini has a short term borrowing of HKD78M starting in 2009 and gradually raised to HKD128M in 2011. Profitability Ratio Profitability ratio measures a companys overall efficiency and performance. Return on Sales, Return on Assets and Return on Equity are the popular profitability ratio. Return on Sales shows the share of each dollar of sales that a company can turn into income.It is calculated by dividing net income by net sales. Bossini only enjoys a low run off sales which is common for low end products retail business however, it has been increased from 2. 7% in 2008 to 4. 9% in 2011 reflects it has strived to improve its profitability strength over 80% during these years. Return on Assets shows how profitable a companys assets are in generating revenue. It is calculated by dividing net income plus interest expense by average total assets. An uptrend of Return on Assets reveals that it requires less and less investments to knuckle under the same revenue which is good for Bossini.Lastly, Return on crude Equity shows how well a company uses investment funds to generate revenue. It is calculated by dividing net income net off with preferred dividends by average common equity. Bossinis sustainable growth, in Return on Common Equity (except in 2009 due to worldwide financial crisis) indicates the management maintains Bossini as a high growth company. Market Analysis ratios Market Analysis ratio is a good indicator for stock valuation. terms/Earning ratio and Dividend yield are widely used. Price/Earning ratio (P/E ratio) reflects a scathe the market is willing to pay for a share relative to its annual earning.P/E is calculated by dividing market price per share by earnings per share. A high P/E ratio does not mean it is more expensive, it just means that investors are willing to pay more for each dollar of ear ning compared to one with a lower P/E ratio. There are many factors that investors are willing to pay this premium such as fast growing, unique business model, market sentiment, and many others. For Bossini, the market price per share is pretty stable throughout these years and the high P/E ratio in 2009 is due to the extraordinary low earnings per share caused by worldwide financial crisis.Dividend yield measures the percentage of annual dividend return comparing to a stocks market value. It is calculated by dividing dividend per share by market price per share. Bossinis investors can expect to receive more cash dividends in the futurity from the increasing dividend yield pattern. However, investors have to beware that the dividend yield might be dropped even they receive the same amount of cash dividend because of the market price per share increase. Either way, investors will be appreciated.