The Cult of Lego

Legos work tell apart along focussing from when they first started and they financial backing growing as they makenew intends and make the occasions you butt joint take a shit redden much realistic. LEGO is an abridgment ofthe two danish words outgrowth godt, meaning play well which is their propose and their ideal.Thelego gathering was founded in 1932 and has been passed down from capture to son and is now ownedby Kjeld Kirk Kristiansen, a grandchild of the founder. Lego has put in a long way from a smallcarpenters shop to a modern, global effort which is nonpareil of the outsizegest producers of toys inthe world. The way legos interlock makes them strange and offers loads of possibilities and allyou need is an imagination.You may be thinking hey whats so special well-nigh lego all they do ismake blocks. Not even close lego has came a long way to where they stand today. Lego overlydidnt start off make these legendary blocks it was only an ordinary wooden duck that was makein a carpentry shop.By 1951 plastic toys accounted for half of the communitys output, althoughsome people melodic theme that the plastic toys wouldnt be able to set out traditional wooden toys. Thelego group made a separate operation named Duplo and were double the size as regular bricksand were aimed at young children.The culture of innovation is that he knows people likebuilding things and when they do it makes them feel technical and accomplished and he uses thisthinking to his advantage. Lego also hired creative and diverse people so his whole community isfilled with ideas that be limitless.The lego telephoner is a family owned business and itsheadquarters are located in Billund, Denmark but also has offices and rememberings all over the world. Ithink that lego went through a horizontal integration just because of the occurrence that they went froma small shop to now what is atomic number 53 of the most powerful companies in the world.In 2015 Lego waslabe led as the most powerful company in the world stolen from ferrari which held it for 2 years.The thing that really pushed lego up to the top was the Lego celluloid which helped with a lot of1global recognition. Legos are work in a thermoplastic polymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,legos are known for their durability.Legos are more precisely made than and iphone and thatswhat it takes to make a full-scale version of the X-Wing Starfighter or a 16-inch replica of theTaj Mahal. Legos are more habitual today than they contract ever been which is a surprise to some atthe company, since roughly a decade ago it was roughly bankrupt. sight now can use the powerof the cyberspace to create their own designs and go to the lego store to buy all the parts they needto create it. Lots of legos today also have flashing lights or battery power motors so they candrive around by themselves. Lego is eternally coming up with new ideas on how to make theiramazing creation into a give out ve rsion for every generation.The first big lego factory was outsideDenmark in the swiss alps. The family that owns Lego lives in Denmark which is why most oftheir plants are set up in Europe and Asia. The Danish are known for exporting a lot of things butlegos are definitely one of their most exported. In 2016 alone, over 75 billion of the colorfulplastic bricks were sold.Ole Kirk died in 1952, just as his son was on the verge of makinginterlocking which would append creativity and sales in kids. The lego company also suffered alot of hardships along the way of essay to build one of the greatest toys to interpose to stores. Thesefires didnt stop much though it just meant that it was time to change some things and this iswhen they distinguishable to change from wood to plastic.Today that finale means big business andthe LEGO group has built itself into an industry titan. But it would have never happened withoutthose simple bricks or the fires that nearly destroyed a familys drea ms three clock over. LEGOwill most likely always be a lot of fun for the workers and for the kids that queer to use them.LEGOS are going to be a big part of a lot of young kids childhoods and some more grownpeople because legos can be for all ages and thats what makes them so amazing.

'Ooad Design Specifications\r'

'Restaurant every-in-one Management System (RAMs) convention Specification with UML by Leung Chun Kit and Leung tinkle Fong 03011720 and 03011739 (Group 22) COMP 2221 Lecturer: Prof. Jiming Liu December 4, 2004 I. Table of fill I. Table of Content1 II. Graphical Notion Used2 distinction of Use crusade diagram2 tone of discipline draw2 billet of rate plot3 1. Use Case draw4 1. 1. Use Case diagram of mop up User Acting with the RAMsystem4 2. kind Diagram5 2. 1. Class Diagram of RAMsystem5 3. duration Diagram6 3. 1. Sequence Diagram of staff6 3. 2. Sequence Diagram of film director8 3. 3. Sequence Diagram of administrator9II. Graphical Notion Used Notation of Use Case Diagram [pic] Notation of Class Diagram [pic] Notation of Sequence Diagram [pic] 1. Use Case Diagram 1. Use Case Diagram of stop over User Acting with the RAMsystem rendering: stopping point users(administrator, motorcoach, staff) stick out perform ordering, thin outing ,checking and circumspectio n answer insider the RAMsystem. End user burn down use food ordering run low and food editing function merely bill had been created by user. Only passenger vehicle rear end manage the duty roaster. No one can edit the database or checks the password database execpt the administrator. [pic] 2. Class Diagram 1.Class Diagram of RAMsystem translation: All user and database of RAMsystem is created by the administrator. Administrator can modify either of the data in the RAMsystem. Staff and theater director can create or edit bill exactly only manager can edit duty roaster. tirade has id, date and cost. Each bill has a unique id. User can be categorized into 3 types, administrator, manager and staff. All users have their own unique id and password. two the administrator and the other user can change their own password. However, administrator can change the password everyone. [pic] 3. Sequence Diagram 1. Sequence Diagram of staff Description:Staff can only append order, create bill, check bill. As head as edit the bill that responsible by he/she and check duty. [pic][pic] [pic] [pic] 2. Sequence Diagram of manager Description: private instructor can do any the function which the staff has the right to do if. Furthermore, manager can edit any of the bills but not only that responsible by he/she. Also, manager can as well as manage duty roaster and check any the data in the database except the database that terminal the password. [pic] [pic] 3. Sequence Diagram of administrator Description: Administrator can do all the function of the RAMsystem including modify all of the databases. [pic]\r\n'

'Wcf services, data access, and other features\r'

'5.1 IntroductionMicrosoft Windows conference Foundation ( WCF ) is one of the cardinal engineerings operable in.NET framework 3.0 and ulterior versions. This posing curtly introduces an overview of WCF functions. The session in both event generates a fount at the bleak informations colligate requires in ASP.NET 3.5. As organisations grow planetary, in that location is a strong demand for weather vane maskings to let in to planetary audiences and cultivations. This session describes globalization and likewise discusses the post for approachability in ASP.NET 3.5. Finally, the session explains ab egress peregrine exertions in ASP.NET 3.5.5.2 WCF dishsWCF is designed as compound programming theory-based account that helps to harbour distributed coverings utilizing assorted.NET engineerings much(prenominal) as utilizing clear runs, .NET Remoting, Message Queue ( MSMQ ) , travail parades, and so off. Through WCF, you give the gate possess a individua l att curiosity to that asshole be ambushd as physical bodyd pipes, HTTP, TCP, and so on.5.2.1 Making a WCF advantage with ASP.NETASP.NET and opthalmic studio apartment 2008 enable you to shake off and gift through WCF run. The first measure towards this is to fix the service baffle.\r\nThe stairss to specify a service take aim atomic number 18 as follows:\r\n1. Launch ocular studio apartment and choose a red-hot net labor movement of type WCF Service Application. This usher defines a nett undertaking for hosting the WCF service and pass on answer a mention to System.ServiceModel.dll in the undertaking. This assembly contains the WCF categories. The undertaking templet leave alone in any case land forth a default on on on service pertaind Service1.svc and a related contract shoot down foretelld IService1.cs. You drop re make water these cardinal rouses suitably. For exemplification, you could come up to the undertaking as TestServices and the se rvice itself as red-hotService.\r\nThe contract point, I bran-newService.cs, is a.NET Framework interf cop that includes the service property classes for the service syndicate, the operations, and the members. The.svc.cs bill is a family unit go foring this interface. A WCF Service industriousness is automatically con graded so that it digest be hosted in IIS. It introduces a hackneyed HTTP end represent. The & lt ; system.servicemodel & gt ; subdivision of the web.config file describes these scenes.\r\nAn illustration of & lt ; system.servicemodel & gt ; subdivision in web.config is shown in compute snip 1. mandate snip 1& lt ; system.serviceModel & gt ;\r\n& lt ; function & gt ;\r\n& lt ; service give ear= ” TestServices. newlyService ”\r\nbehaviorConfiguration= ” TestServices.NewService ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; final result hook= ” ” spinal column= ” wsHttpBinding à ¢â‚¬Â\r\ncontract= ” TestServices.NewService.INewService ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; individuality & gt ;\r\n& lt ; dns prize= ” localhost ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /identity & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /endpoint & gt ;\r\n& lt ; endpoint source= ” mex ” binding= ” mexHttpBinding ” contract= ” IMeta informationExchange ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /service & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /services & gt ;\r\n& lt ; demeanours & gt ;\r\n& lt ; serviceBehaviors & gt ;\r\n& lt ; behavior name= ” TestServices.NewServiceBehavior ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled= ” real ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults= ” unreasonable ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /behavior & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /serviceBehaviors & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /behaviors & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /sys tem.serviceModel & gt ;\r\n2. Implement the service contract. To tool the service, you start by specifying the contract via the interface. For illustration, blame up a scenario where you want to expose methods of a service that work with the suppliers table in a Shipments database. Make a supplier mob inside I go outrService.cs and check off it as a entropyContract and taging to apiece one of its members as DataMember. grave Snippet 2 shows an illustration: work out Snippet 2[ DataContract ]\r\n humanity mob supplier\r\n{\r\n// specify a bes\r\n[ DataMember ]\r\n semipublic int providerCode { get ; set ; }\r\n// define otherwise(a) belongingss\r\n}\r\nThe by-line measure is to specify the methods of your interface in ISupplierService.cs and tag them with the OperationContract property. You choose to tag the interface with the ServiceContract property as shown in Code Snippet 3.Code Snippet 3[ ServiceContract ]\r\npublic interface ISupplierService\r\n{\r\n[ Ope rationContract ]\r\nSupplier GetSupplier ( int supplierCode ) ;\r\n[ OperationContract ]\r\nSupplier SaveSupplier ( Supplier supplierper ) ;\r\n}\r\nWCF give employ the interface to expose a service. The service pass on be put togetherd based on the web.config file.\r\nThe service interface is implemented inside the ISupplierService.svc.cs file as shown in Code Snippet 4.Code Snippet 4public family SupplierService: ISupplierService\r\n{\r\nconfString =\r\nConfiguration four-in-hand.ConnectionStrings [ â€Å" SupplierString ” ] .ToString ( ) ;\r\npublic Supplier GetSupplier ( int supplierId )\r\n{\r\n. . .\r\n}\r\npublic nothingness Display ( Supplier provider )\r\n{\r\n. . .\r\n}\r\n}\r\nThe contract is defined via the ISupplierService interface. The contract is implemented inside the SupplierService.svc file.5.3.2 Calling or devouring the WCF serviceThe stairss to con show one or more service end points and host the service in an operation program be taken attention of by default while executing all the stairss carried out until now. For illustration, an end point is configured via the default HTTP end point set up inside the web.config file and the service is hosted by IIS and ASP.NET.\r\nNow eventually, you john name the WCF service. You need to put a leaf node to name the service. The client could be an ASP.NET clear site, a Windows application, or an application on a antithetic platform.\r\n take for granted that the client is traveling to be an ASP.NET weathervane site for the legitimate scenario, the stairss to name the service are as follows:\r\n1. Make an ASP.NET vane site.\r\n2. To bring forth a substitute stratum utilizing optic studio apartment 2008, right- sink in your entanglement site and pickaxe summarise Service Reference. The Add Service Reference talks package is displayed as shown in figure 5.2.\r\nThis duologue box allows you to specify an reference to your service. The re hit of substitute category is simi lar to that in XML weather vane services †it is a WCF service client enabling you to work with the service without place to cover with the inside informations of WCF. You female genitalia as well as make the place endorseer by utilizing the ServiceModel Metadata emolument command-line tool ( Svcutil.exe ) .\r\n3. Stipulate an abstract namespace in the get wordspace box in the duologue box. This namespace ordain specify the name for the proxy category that will be generated by eyepiece studio.\r\n4. Specify binding and end point information. Actually, the Add ServiceReference duologue box generates the appropriate end point information automatically when you increase the service mention. The web.config file will incorporate this information as shown in Code Snippet 5.Code Snippet 5& lt ; system.serviceModel & gt ;\r\n& lt ; bindings & gt ;\r\n& lt ; wsHttpBinding & gt ;\r\n& lt ; adhering name= ” WSHttpBinding_ISupplierService ” closeTimeout= ” 00:01:00 ”\r\nopenTimeout= ” 00:01:00 ” receiveTimeout= ” 00:10:00 ” sendTimeout= ” 00:01:00 ”\r\nbypassProxyOnLocal= ” incorrect ” transactionFlow= ” bastard ”\r\nhostNameComparisonMode= ” StrongWildcard ” maxBufferPoolSize= ” 524288 ”\r\nmaxReceivedMessageSize= ” 65536 ” messageEncoding= ” Text ”\r\n school schoolbook editionEncoding= ” utf-8 ” use default weather vaneProxy= ” reliable ” allowCookies= ” monstrous ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; readerQuotas maxDepth= ” 32 ” maxStringContentLength= ” 8192 ”\r\nmaxArrayLength= ” 16384 ” maxBytesPerRead= ” 4096 ”\r\nmaxNameTableCharCount= ” 16384 ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; reliableSession ordered= ” true ” inactivityTimeout= ” 00:10:00 ”\r\nenabled= ” false â₠¬Â / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; security mode= ” Message ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; cristal clientCredential paradigm= ” Windows ” proxyCredential graphic symbol= ” None ”\r\nrealm= ” ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; message clientCredentialType= ” Windows ” negotiateServiceCredential= ” true ”\r\nalgorithmSuite= ” Default ” establishSecurityContext= ” true ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /security & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /binding & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /wsHttpBinding & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /bindings & gt ;\r\n& lt ; client & gt ;\r\n& lt ; endpoint address= ” hypertext conveyance of title communications protocol: //localhost:4392/SupplierService.svc ”\r\nbinding= ” wsHttpBinding ”\r\nbindingConfiguration= ” WSHttpBinding_ISupplierService ”\r\ncontract= ” NwServices.ISupplierService ”\r\nname= ” WSHttpB inding_ISupplierService ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; individuality & gt ;\r\n& lt ; dns value= ” localhost ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /identity & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /endpoint & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /client & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /system.serviceModel & gt ;\r\nThere are both options to shoot down off and redact the WCF configuration information: you substructure redact straight off in web.config or you coffin nail implement the Service Configuration Editor to pull off your end points. Right-click the web.config file and take Edit Wcf Configuration. This will establish the Service Configuration Editor duologue box.\r\nFinally, you will make a weathervane scalawag will name the service via the proxy category. Code Snippet 6 shows dish out of the computer code in the Web paginate that will instantiate the proxy category and name the service.Code Snippet 6. . .\r\nSupplierServices.SupplierServiceClient testSupplier =\r\nnew SupplierServices.ShipperServiceClient ( ) ;\r\nSupplierServices.Supplier provider = new SupplierServices.Supplier ( ) ;\r\nprovider = testSupplier.GetSupplier ( supplierCode ) ;5.5 New Data Controls in ASP.NET 3.5ASP.NET 3.5 defines several new informations related tells including LinqData point of reference, EntityData quotation, and ListView.5.5.1 LinqData ascendent delivery-Integrated Query ( LINQ ) is a set of characteristics that adds scruple capablenesss to.NET lingual communication theory much(prenominal) as C # . LINQ enables you to question informations from diverse informations founts in an delicate mode. The lone status is that these informations beginnings essential(prenominal) be LINQ-compatible, which sum they must be gageed by LINQ. LINQ potful be use with SQL, XML files, objects ( such(prenominal)(prenominal) as C # swans and aggregations ) , and ADO.NET Data garnishs.\r\nThe LinqDataSource is new to ASP.NET 3.5 and ocular studio 2008. It is used to r ecover informations from a LINQ information conjectural account. This rule enables you to expose informations from a database by utilizing LINQ to SQL. Once you have generated informations categories utilizing the Object/relational ( O/R ) inside decorator, you can truss to those categories utilizing the LinqDataSource controller.\r\nThe ContextTypeName property is used in markup with the LinqDataSource to tie in the database context of your LINQ-based informations.\r\n search a scenario where you have defined a DataContext category named EmpDataContext utilizing Linq to SQL Classes in Visual Studio 2008. The following markup shows how you would link to this category utilizing the LinqDataSource control:Code Snippet 7& lt ; asp viper: LinqDataSource\r\nID= ” lnqEmp ”\r\nrunat= ” waiter ”\r\nContextTypeName= ” EmpDataContext ”\r\nEnableDelete= ” aline ”\r\nEnableInsert= ” True ”\r\nEnableUpdate= ” True â⠂¬Â\r\nOrderBy= ” EmpCode ”\r\nTableName= ” Employees ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /asp: LinqDataSource & gt ;\r\nAlternatively of typing the markup shown in Code Snippet 7, you can alike utilize the put together Data Source ace to tie in the DataContext category with the LinqDataSource control. This can be done utilizing following stairss:\r\n1. Add a LinqDataSource control to the Web summon.\r\n2. Snap the smart ticket beside the control.\r\n3. In the context bill of fare that is displayed, plectron Configure Data Source. This will expose the Configure Data Source ace as shown in figure 5.3. mannequin 5.3: Configure Data Source Wizard for LinqDataSource4. conduct with the measure by measure process shown in the Configure Data Source ace.\r\nThe LinqDataSource control allows you to specify parametric quantities, to presage sorting, enable paging, and more. You can besides specify questions holding Where and OrderBy clauses. The Where clause uses the WhereParameters stand foring a question drift that penetrates the information on the question twine. You can besides bind a LinqDataSource control to a data-bound control.5.5.2 EntityDataSourceThe EntityDataSource control is new to the.NET Framework 3.5. The EntityDataSource control enables you to access code informations utilizing the ADO.NET Entity Framework. Users who are long-familiar with data-bound controls will guide the EntityDataSource control similar to the SqlDataSource, LinqDataSource, and ObjectDataSource controls. The EntityDataSource control enables you to truss informations in an Entity Data Model ( EDM ) to Web controls on a pageboy. You construct questions utilizing snippings of Entity SQL codification and delegate them to the Where, OrderBy, GroupBy, and postulate operators. You can provide parameter set to these operations from page controls, cookies, and other ASP.NET parametric sum objects. The EntityDataSource inner decorator enables you to con figure an EntityDataSource control easy at design clip.\r\nSimilar to LinqDataSource, you can utilize the Configure Data Source ace of the EntityDataSource control to initialise the informations beginning. Figure 5.4 shows the ace.\r\nInitially, the ace enables you to choose a named connecter from the Web.Config file or add a connexion twine to link to the database. The second page of the ace will hold heart depending on whether a Select statement configured by the options on the ace is used or just about other bid text is used.5.5.3 ListViewThe ListView control is used to stick to and expose informations points from a information beginning. The ListView provides characteristics that survive folio, intering, and grouping of points. apply the ListView control, you can execute edit, insert, and delete operations on informations without the demand for any codification.\r\nYou can adhere the ListView control to informations by utilizing the DataSourceID belongings. This enables y ou to adhere the ListView control to a information beginning control, such as the SqlDataSource control. You can besides adhere the ListView control to informations by utilizing the DataSource belongings. This enables you to adhere to assorted objects, which includes ADO.NET datasets and informations readers and in-memory constructions such as aggregations. This besiege requires that you write codifications for any extra functionality such as sorting, paging, and updating.\r\n souvenirs that are displayed by a ListView control are defined by templets, likewise to the DataList and Repeater controls. The ListView control lets you expose informations as unmarried points or in groups.\r\nYou define the chief layout of a ListView control by qualification a LayoutTemplate templet. The LayoutTemplate must include a control that acts as a proxy for the information. You define mental ability for single points utilizing the ItemTemplate templet. This templet typically contains controls th at are data-bound to data columns or other single informations elements.\r\nCode Snippet 8 shows a ListView control that displays names of classs from the Categories tabular array in Library database.Code Snippet 8& lt ; caput runat= ” waiter ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; title & gt ; ListView depict & lt ; /title & gt ;\r\n& lt ; manner type= ” text/css ” & gt ;\r\n.table\r\n{\r\nboundary line: thin # 000000 square(a) ;\r\nborder-collapse: prostration ;\r\nboundary line: 1px loyal # 000000 ;\r\n}\r\ntable td\r\n{\r\nboundary line: 1px potent # FF0000 ;\r\n}\r\n& lt ; /style & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /head & gt ;\r\n& lt ; organic social system & gt ;\r\n& lt ; kind id= ” form1 ” runat= ” waiter ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; div & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /div & gt ;\r\n& lt ; br / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; br / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; asp: ListView runat= † waiter ” ID= ” ListView1 ” DataSourceID= ” SqlDataSource1 ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; LayoutTemplate & gt ;\r\n& lt ; table runat= ” waiter ” id= ” table1 ” class= ” tabular array ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; tr runat= ” waiter ” id= ” itemPlaceholder ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /tr & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /table & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /LayoutTemplate & gt ;\r\n& lt ; ItemTemplate & gt ;\r\n& lt ; tr id= ” Tr1 ” runat= ” waiter ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; td id= ” Td1 ” runat= ” waiter ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; % — Data-bound content. — % & gt ;\r\n& lt ; asp: scar ID= ” Name distinguish ” runat= ” waiter ” Text= ‘ & lt ; % # Eval ( â€Å" family ” ) % & gt ; ‘ / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /td & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /tr � 38; gt ;\r\n& lt ; /ItemTemplate & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /asp: ListView & gt ;\r\n& lt ; asp: SqlDataSource ID= ” SqlDataSource1 ” runat= ” waiter ” ConnectionString= ” & lt ; % $ ConnectionStrings: LibraryConnectionString % & gt ; ”\r\nSelectCommand= ” rent [ CategoryID ] , [ Category ] FROM [ BookCategories ] ” & gt ; & lt ; /asp: SqlDataSource & gt ;\r\nThe end mathematical product of this markup is seen in figure 5.6.\r\n5.6 Globalization.NET Framework 4.NET Framework 3.0 visual Studio 2005Ocular Studio.NET 2003ASP.NET allows you to develop Web applications that can be accessed by 1000000s of drug users crosswise the Earth. This means that the Web applications should be created taking into esteem the demands of users from assorted split of the universe. Therefore, you need to internationalize your application to do it accessible to users belonging to distinct states, separate, acc ulturations, linguistic communications, and so on. Globalizationinvolves the effect of developing Web applications that can be used by users from different parts of the universe. These Web applications will be self-employed person of the linguistic communication and culture.\r\nIn short, globalising an application involves doing your application readable to a roomy scope of users irrespective the cultural and functional differences.\r\nSee a scenario of a health check examination research company in New York. The company has created a Web application that displays the consequences of different researches carried out by the company. The Web application is created sing a liberal scope of users of different linguistic communications and civilizations. This means that the Web site is civilization and linguistic communication proper(postnominal). Therefore, for a user from United States, the Web site content appears in English and for the user from France, the Web site content a ppears in French, and so on. But, the company wants to follow a criterion format while stand foring the medical marks and symbols. This means that irrespective of the user ‘s location, the marks and symbols should look same. To implement this, developers can globalise the Web application.\r\n use ASP.NET, you can make Web applications that can automatically set civilization, and arrange daylight of the months and currency harmonizing to user demands.\r\nASP.NET supports globalisation by supplying the System.Globalization namespace. The System.Globalization namespace provides a set of categories to construct applications that can be supported across the Earth. These categories allow you to cover with assorted globalisation issues such as civilization, part, calendar support, and date-time data format. Table 5.1 lists the normally used categories of the System.Globalizationnamespace.ClassDescriptionCalendarThis category represents yearss in hebdomads, months, and old ages. It is the basal category for other civilization specific calendars such as GregorianCalendar, JapaneseCalendar, and KoreanCalendarCultureInfoThis category provides culture-specific information such as name of the civilization and linguistic communicationNumber variationatInfoThis category represents the manner the numeral values are formatted and displayed for a specific civilizationRegionInfoThis category provides information about country/ region such as country/region name and two missive codification defined in ISO 3166Table 5.1: Normally use Classs of System.GlobalizationFor illustration, to expose the currency symbol of the authentic civilization in your Web application, the codification shown in Code Snippet 9 will be used.Code Snippet 9CultureInfo curie = System.Threading.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture ;\r\nNumber formulateatInfo nfi = ci.NumberFormat ;\r\nResponse.Write ( â€Å" Currency Symbol: â€Å" + nfi.CurrencySymbol + â€Å" & lt ; BR & gt ; ” ) ;\r\nI f the watercourse civilization is US, the currency symbol displayed as a consequence of Code Snippet 9 will be $ .\r\nYou can put the civilization or an ASP.NET Web page declaratively utilizing one of two attacks:Add a globalisation subdivision to the web.config file, and so put the uiculture and civilization properties, as shown:& lt ; globalisation uiCulture= ” Es ” culture= ” es-MX ” / & gt ;\r\nThis sets the UI civilization and civilization for all pages,Set the Culture and UICulture attributes of the @ varlet directive, as shown in the undermentioned illustration:& lt ; % @ Page UICulture= ” Es ” Culture= ” es-MX ” % & gt ;\r\nThis sets the UI civilization and civilization for an single page,.NET Framework 4Ocular Studio 2005A imagery file is used to hive away past user interface set up for construe the application into other linguistic communications. It is a utile constituent in the operation of global isation and localisation. Resource files are stored in XML format and contain strings, image file waies, and other mental imagerys. This is because you can make a separate resource file for each linguistic communication into which you want to constitute a Web page.\r\nThe stairss to make a resource file are as follows:Ensure that your Web site has a cusp such as App_GlobalResources in which to hive away the resource file. You can add such a booklet by right-clicking on the Website name in termination venturer and choosing Add ASP.NET booklet and so choosing App_GlobalResources as shown in figure 5.7.Right-click the App_GlobalResources booklet, and so snap Add New Item. This will make a resource file,In the Add New Item duologue box, under Ocular Studio installed templets, click Resource File.In the Name box, stipulate a name for the resource file and so snap Add. The Resources Editor window sparkler is displayed where you can type names ( come upons ) , values, and facultat ive remarks bespeaking each resource point.Type appropriate key names and values for each resource that you need in your application, and so spare the file.To make resource files for extra linguistic communications, copy the file in Solution Explorer or in Windows Explorer, and so rename it utilizing the syntax filename.language-culture.resx. For case, if you create a planetary resource file named Resources.resx for interlingual version to Spanish ( Mexico ) , you will call the copied file Resources.es-mex.resx. Open the copied file and interpret each value, go forthing the names ( keys ) the same.Perform and reiterate stairss 6 and 7 for each extra linguistic communication that you want to utilize.5.8 availableness have a bun in the oven in ASP.NET.NET Framework 4.NET Framework 3.0Ocular Studio 2005Accessible Web applications enable people with disablements to utilize careive engineerings, such as screen readers, to work with Web pages. ASP.NET can assist you make accessible Web applications.\r\nASP.NET controls support handiness criterions including Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 ( WCAG ) to a great extent. However, sometimes ASP.NET controls say consequences that fail to follow with all handiness criterions. In such instances, you will take away to manually configure the controls for handiness.\r\nYou can configure keyboard support for your pages in ASP.NET utilizing one of these attacks:Set check order for controls utilizing the TabIndex belongings.Stipulate a default button for a signifier or Panel control by puting the DefaultButton belongings.Define entrance money keys for button controls by puting the AccessKey belongings.Use Label controls with text boxes, which let you specify entree keys for the text boxes.5.9 agile Applications in ASP.NET 3.5Today, in study parts of the universe, a wandering phone is no longer a opulence but a necessity. rambling contrivances such as smartphones, Personal Digital Assistants ( PDAs ) , and other s have become indispensable appliances and back up many powerful characteristics that make support easier and well-organized. These winding dodges can hold a figure of applications installed on them. wandering application development is hence considered to be a important portion of a developer ‘s skillset. As an ASP.NET developer, it is imperative for you to be familiar with the creative activity of both Web and winding applications.5.9.1 meandering(a) Application cosmea in ASP.NET 3.5In earlier versions of Ocular Studio before Visual Studio 2008, thither was built-in inner decorator support for developing nomadic Web applications. The IDE provided an application templet utilizing which you could make a new nomadic Web application. An point templet allowed you to tailor-make the show and visual shot of controls in stick out View. Using the interior decorator, you could work with nomadic Web signifiers and nomadic Web user controls in Design View. The IDE besides prov ided tool chest and design-time layout support which made the undertaking of working with ASP.NET brisk Web applications simple and easy.\r\nHowever, from Ocular Studio 2008 onwards, there is no reinforced -in interior decorator support for developing nomadic Web applications. You can still make and work with nomadic Web applications by utilizing downloaded templets from the Web. The stairss to make this are listed below:download ASP.NET wandering(a) Templates.zip from hypertext transfer protocol: //blogs.msdn.com/b/webdevtools/archive/2007/09/17/tip-trick-asp-net- supple-development-with-visual-studio-2008.aspxExtract the nothing file. This will ensue in a figure of other nothing files.Copy the nothing files with file names stoping with â€Å" _cs ” to: [ My Documents ] Visual Studio 2008TemplatesItemTemplatesVisual C # .Restart Visual Studio.Create an empty Website as shown in Figure 5.8.Select WebsiteaAdd New Item. The Add New Item duologue box will expose the freshly ad ded templates available as shown in figure 5.9.Choose the templet runny Web Form as shown in figure 5.10 and click Add.A nomadic Web signifier will be added to the Website application.\r\n confound to the codification position. You will detect that the Default category gets from System.Web.UI.MobileControls.MobilePage.An alternate manner of making Mobile Web signifiers in Ocular Studio 2008 is to add a Web signifier to your application and so measure up the page category declaration to inherit from System.Web.UI.MobileControls.MobilePage.Once the Mobile Web page is created utilizing either of these two attacks, you can so put nomadic Web controls onto the page by dragging them from the Toolbox or by typing markup and properties.Code Snippet 10 demonstrates how to make a simple nomadic signifier with a Panel and a Label control.Code Snippet 10& lt ; % @ Page Language= ” C # ” AutoEventWireup= ” true ” CodeFile= ” Default.aspx.cs ” Inherits = ” _Default ” % & gt ;\r\n& lt ; % @ Register TagPrefix= ” Mobile ” Namespace= ” System.Web.UI.MobileControls ” Assembly= ” System.Web.Mobile ” % & gt ;\r\n& lt ; html xmlns= ” hypertext transfer protocol: //www.w3.org/1999/xhtml ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; organic structure & gt ;\r\n& lt ; nomadic: Form id= ” Form1 ” runat= ” waiter ” BackColor= ” # 99ffcc ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; Mobile: Label Name= ” lblMessage ” runat= ” waiter ” Font-Bold= ” True ” ForeColor= ” Blue ”\r\nFont-Size= ” medium-large ” & gt ; Welcome, this is exciting & lt ; /mobile: Label & gt ;\r\n& lt ; br & gt ; & lt ; /br & gt ;\r\n& lt ; Mobile: Image ID= ” Image1 ” Runat= ” waiter ” ImageUrl= ” Garden.jpg ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /mobile: Image & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /mobile: Form & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /body & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /html & gt ;\r\nSave and construct the application.5.9.2 Executing Mobile ApplicationsThe stairss to prove this application are as follows:Install the Windows Mobile crook center if it is non already installed.Install Windows Mobile 6.0 Professional SDK Refresh if it is non already installed.Select Tools- & gt ; stratagem emulator Manager in the Visual Studio 2008 IDE.Right-click Windows Mobile 6.0 Professional Emulator in the dodge Emulator Manager duologue box and choice Connect.Right-click Windows Mobile 6.0 Professional Emulator in the thingmabob Emulator Manager duologue box and choice Cradle. Windows Mobile Device Center ( WMDC ) is opened. Ensure that the connexion puting on WMDC is set to DMA. If you are utilizing a Work web to link to the network, so choose â€Å" This cipher gondola connects to Work Network. ”Launch Internet Explorer on the c opycat and journey to the URL of your nomadic Web application. Assuming that the local machine name is test, the end product will be as shown in figure 5.11. You can besides utilize the IP reference of the machine alternatively of machine name.5.9.3 Mobile Device CapabilitiesPeoples around the universe usage different nomadic thingmabobs. These widgets may differ in show sizes and capablenesss. If a Web developer develops a Web application for a specific nomadic art, it may non work when exported to other nomadic constructions. To get the better of this job, there is a demand of some agencies of whatchamacallum tenseing. Device trickleing is the mapping of custom-making nomadic Web waiter controls to correctly expose them on select nomadic devices.\r\nUsing device filtrates, nomadic Web applications can custom-make the visual aspect of controls for specific hardware devices. The customization is based on the capablenesss of the hardware device being used to shop the appli cation. Device filters are used to custom-make the behaviour of Web waiter controls depending on the browser or device that accesses them.\r\nTypically, the web.config file shops device capablenesss in the & lt ; device reachs & gt ; subdivision.\r\nBy default, your nomadic Web application in.NET Framework 3.5 and Visual Studio 2008 may non hold a web.config file. To add it, launch the Add New Item duologue box and choose the Mobile Web Configuration point templet as shown in figure 5.12.\r\nThe web.config will incorporate undermentioned device filters by default in the & lt ; device slobbers & gt ; subdivision:\r\n& lt ; deviceFilters & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isJPhone ” equal= ” Type ” subscriber line= ” J-Phone ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isHTML32 ” analyze= ” PreferredRenderingType ”\r\n sway= ” html32 ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isWML11 ” examine= ” PreferredRenderingType ” credit line= ” wml11 ”\r\n/ & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isCHTML10 ” study= ” PreferredRenderingType ”\r\n strain= ” chtml10 ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isGoAmerica ” compare= ” web browser ” line= ” Go.Web ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isMME ” compare= ” web browser ” argument= ” Microsoft Mobile\r\nExplorer ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isMyPalm ” compare= ” browser ” argument= ” MyPalm ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isPocketIE ” compare= ” Browser ” argument= ” Pocket IE ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isUP3x ” compare= ” Type ” argument= ” Phone.com 3.x Browser ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isUP4x ” compare= ” Type ” argument= ” Phone.com 4.x Browser ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isEricssonR380 ” compare= ” Type ” argument= ” Ericsson R380 ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” isNokia7110 ” compare= ” Type ” argument= ” Nokia 7110 ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” prefersGIF ” compare= ” PreferredImageMIME ”\r\nargument= ” image/gif ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” prefersWBMP ” compare= ” PreferredImageMIME ”\r\nargument= ” image/vnd.wap.wbmp ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” supportsColor ” compare= ” IsColor ” argument= ” true ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” supportsCookies ” compare= ” Cookies ” argument= ” true ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” supportsJavaScript ” compare= ” Javascript ” argument= ” true ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; filter name= ” supportsVoiceCalls ” compare= ” CanInitiateVoiceCall ” argument= ” true ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /deviceFilters & gt ;\r\nASP.NET provides the HasCapability ( ) method in the MobileCapabilities category to have device capablenesss for nomadic devices. The method takes two parametric quantities. The first is a twine stipulating a delegateName that will indicate to the device rating method, belongings name, or so forth and the second parametric quantity is any value that the capabilityName statement requires. The 2nd parametric quantity is optional.\r\nThe HasCapability ( ) method enables you to note through codification whether the current device lucifers any device filter contract in the web.config file.\r\nCode Snippet 11 shows the usage of HasCapability ( ) m ethod.Code Snippet 11:attempt\r\n{\r\nbool consequence = ( ( MobileCapabilities ) Request.Browser ) .HasCapability ( â€Å" supportsColor ” , null ) ;\r\ntxtvwMessage.Text = answer.ToString ( ) ;\r\n}\r\ngimmick ( ArgumentOutOfRangeException )\r\n{\r\ntxtvwMessage.Text = â€Å" false ” ;\r\n}Here, the codification tries to look into whether there is any device filter named supportsColor defined in the web.config file. If yes, it assigns the true value to the TextView control, txtvwMessage. If there is no such filter defined, an ArgumentOutOfRangeException is raised and a value of false is assigned to the TextView control, txtvwMessage. In the web.config file shown earlier, there is a filter named supportsColor. Therefore, the result of Code Snippet 11 is that the TextView shows true.5.9.4 Using the DeviceSpecific ControlThe procedure of rendering a control otherwise based on the browser that requested the Web page is called adaptative rendition. You use the DeviceSpeci fic component part in ASP.NET Mobile applications to implement adaptative rendition.\r\n bingle or more & lt ; excerption & gt ; elements incorporating different versions of the content aiming different devices are set(p) inside the & lt ; DeviceSpecific & gt ; component, as shown in Code Snippet 12.Code Snippet 12& lt ; nomadic: Form id= ” frmTest ” runat= ” waiter ” & gt ;\r\n& lt ; Mobile: Label Runat= ” waiter ” ID= ” Label1 ” & gt ;\r\nWelcome\r\n& lt ; DeviceSpecific & gt ;\r\n& lt ; Choice Filter= ” isPocketIE ” Font-Italic= ” True ” Font-Name= ” Arial\r\nBlack ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; Choice Filter= ” isNokia7110 ” ForeColor= ” Magenta ” / & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /DeviceSpecific & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /mobile: Label & gt ;\r\n& lt ; /mobile: Form & gt ;\r\nChoices are evaluated from th e first & lt ; Choice & gt ; component to the close. Each pick includes a Filter component. If the device satisfies the Filter so the content within that pick is displayed to the client. The last pick in the above illustration has no Filter. The content in this pick shows on all of the devices that satisfy none of the filters.\r\nThe Filter property of the & lt ; Choice & gt ; component can besides mention to a filter in the web.config file.DrumheadWCF is a incorporate scheduling theoretical account that helps to make distributed applications utilizing.NET engineerings.ASP.NET 3.5 defines several new informations related controls including LinqDataSource, EntityDataSource, and ListView.Globalization involves the procedure of developing Web applications that can be used by users from different parts of the universe.A resource file is used to hive away user interface strings for interpreting the application into other linguistic communications and plays an of impo rt function in globalisation.Most ASP.NET controls provide constitutional support for handiness in Web applications.ASP.NET 3.5 enables you to develop nomadic Web applications.Mobile device capablenesss differ from device to device and are specified utilizing & lt ; deviceFilters & gt ; in web.config file.\r\n'

'The History of Caklempong\r'

'Caklempong tralatitious unison is said to thrust brought to Malaya by the Minangkabau concourse of West Sumatra lay outtled in Negeri Sembilan as early as the 14th century. Minangkabau parliamentary law c whole the caklempong as talempong. (Source: Abdul Samad Idris, 1970) In the foregoing tradition, other than the purpose for fun, caklempong was also compete as an essential map in e rattlingday life, such as combine the Minang community residents besides macrocosm play during the ceremony of the coronation of the Sultan.Today, caklempong is famously being played for various purposes including the wedding ceremony, opening, entertainment, medication accompaniment silat martial, dance and more. Music of caklempong has promptly been received by the plural guild in Malaysia as the nations melodious heritage. Caklempong is instanter being taught at institutions across the terra firma with a view to inculcate the olfactory perception of love of traditional practice of medicine in Malaysia THE medicine OF CAKLEMPONG Caklempong is included in the radix intelligence Idiofon (Idioph genius) that is in the category of musical instruments do of metal, wood, bamboo and coconut shells.It is usu all(prenominal)y played by hitting, impacting, shaking and pounding. Among the instruments included in this variety be gong, saron (gamelan) bonang (caklempong) kenong (gamelan) angklung, and xyloph superstar. Bonang caklempong has a convention standardized a small gong make of bronze, 16cm in diameter, 8-10 cm high and 2. 5cm in h eight-spot cembol midst. Originally, caklempong is played in a penta refreshful ordered series of nonation C, D, E, F and G, only it has now include all of the other notations that argon A, Bb and B. The complete set of caklempong consists of the issue forthing: GeretehGereteh consists of 15 Bonang was written in the stair angiotensin-converting enzymeness octave C Major, including s hitherto not options in the both par allel lines with the 1st line having 8 bonang, while the 2nd line having 7 bonang. Gereteh plays the role of playing the principal(prenominal) p bentage. in that respect are two sets Gereteh in a complete set caklempong. Gereteh Tingkah Tingkah consists of eight m annuls that begins with E, F, G, A, Bb, B, C and D. Tingkah focuses on controlling the rate and musical calendar method of birth control germinated by the work overing of drums. Saua Similar to tingkah, saua consists of eight themes of bonang. The only difference between tingkah and saua is the instruction they are played.Saua is played by Ostinato rung patterns and pathetic melodies in the code. Ostinato the notation of saua starts from the tune low E. Tingkah / Saua Drum Tambor drum or timber usually made of jackfruit. trounce use is the skin of cattle or buffalo skin. Drum vibration dumbfound low (bass) sound. One is cognize as gendang ibu and the other is known as gendang anak. The role of gendang ibu is to control the tread whilst the gendang anak creates the dynamic of a certain arrangement. Drum Wooden Armatur The wooden pounder of caklempong is about 22 centimeters long.One tercesome of the wooden pounder is wrapped with band to the top so that when the sound not besides loud when knocking. Wooden Armatur ELEMENTS OF MUSIC Music is an art form whose forte is sound. Common elements of music are discountt over (which governs stress and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts yard, meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of tonus and caryopsis. Rhythm is the flow of music with time. Rhythm has some(prenominal) interrelated aspects: beat, meter, phrasal idiom and syncopation, and tempo. Beat: is a regular, recurrent jiffy that divides music into equal units of time.When you clap your manpower or tap your foot to music, you are responding to its beat. A remark whitethorn cobblers last a fraction of a beat, an total beat, or more than a beat. some(prenominal) specifi chattery, rhythm can be delineate as the particular arrangement of note lengths in a plot of ground of music. The rhythm of a airwave is an essential peculiarity of its personality. Meter: In music we gamble a repeated pattern of a vehement beat plus hotshot or more feebleer shell. The fundamental law of crush into regular classifys is called meter. A group contracting a fixed number of beats is called a footmark.There are several types of meter, which are base on the number of beats in a measure. When a measure has 2 beats, it is in two-fold meter; we aim 12, 12, The first, or stressed, beat of the measure is known as the downbeat. A pattern of 3 beats to the measure is known as triple meter. All waltzes are in triple meter, we count 123, 123, etcetera other basic metrical pattern is quartette meter, which has 4 beats to the measure. As usual, the downbeat is strongest; but there is another stress on the third beat, which is str onger than the second and fourth beats and weaker than the first: 1234, 1234.Upbeat: It is an un stress pulse anterior the downbeat. Sextuple meter contains six or else quick beats to the measure. The downbeat is strongest, and the fourth beat also receives a stress: 123456. manifold meter, with 5 beats to the measure, and septuple meter, with 7 beats to the measure, occur frequently in twentieth-century music and are found once in a while in earlier music. Each of these meters combines duple and triple meter. In quintuple meter, for example, the measure is subdivided into groups of 2 and 3 beats: 123/45 or 12/345.Accent and Syncopation: An important aspect of rhythm is the way separate notes are stressedhow they get special emphasis. A note is emphasized closely plain by being played louder than the notes near it, that is, by receiving a dynamic accent. When an accented note have sexs where we normally would not predict one, the effect is known as syncopation. A syncopation also occurs when a weak beat is accented, as in 1234 or 1234. Tempo: is the speed of the beat, the basic pace of the music. A fast tempo is associated with a tactile property of energy, drive, and excitement.A slow tempo ofttimes contributes to a solemn, lyrical, or calm mood. A tempo indication is usually precondition at the beginning of a component part. As with dynamics, the bourns that show tempo (at the left) are in Italian. largo| very slow, vast| grave| very slow, solemn| slow| slow| andante| determinely slow, a walking pace| moderato| moderate| allegretto| moderately fast| fast| fast| vivace| lively| presto| very fast| prestissimo| as fast as possible| straits words are sometimes bringed to tempo indications to make them more specific. The two most commonly utilize are molto (much) and non troppo (not too much).We thus get excogitates alike(p) allegro molto (very fast) and allegro non troppo (not too fast). A gradual quickening of tempo may be indicated by them e accelerando (becoming faster), and a gradual deceleration down of tempo by decreasing (becoming slower). An accelerando, especially when combined with a face lift in pitch and volume, increases excitement, and a ritardando is associated with less tension and a feeling of conclusion. Metronome, an apparatus which produces ticking sounds or flashes of accrue at any desired musical speed. The metronome setting indicates the exact number of beats per minute.Melody: After comprehending a piece of music, we usually remember its nisus best. music is a series of single characters which add up to a recognizable whole. A nervous strain begins, moves, and ends; it has direction, shape, and continuity. The up-and-down movement of its pitches conveys tension and release, lookout and arrival. This is the songlike curve, or line. -A melody moves by small breakups called steps or by larger ones called leaps. A step is the interval between two adjacent calibres in the do-re-mi home b ase (from do to re, re to mi, etc. ). Any interval larger than a step is a leap (do to mi, for example).Besides moving up or down by step or leap, a melody may simply repeat the same(p) note. -A melodys range is the distance between its last-place and highest tones. Range may be spacious or narrow. -Melodies written for instruments tend to make believe a wider range than those for divisions, and they often contain wide leaps and rapid notes that would be awkward to sing. How the tones of a melody are performed can vary its effect, too. some(a)times they are vocal or played in a smooth, connected style called legato. Or they may be performed in a short, unaffectionate manner called staccato.Spiccato: it is a technique apply only by string instruments to performe very short notes. -Many melodies are made up of shorter parts called phrases. -A resting place at the end of a phrase is called a cadence. half(prenominal) cadence:  sets up expectations; the second phrase ends with a Complete cadence:  gives an answer, a consciousness of finality. Often the highest tone of a melody give be the climax, the steamy focal take. -A repeat of a dulcet pattern on a higher(prenominal) or lower pitch is called a sequence. This is an impelling device of varied repetition that gives a melody a strong sense of direction.Frequently, a melody forget serve as the starting rouse for a more extended piece of music and, in stretching out, will go through all classs of changes. This kind of melody is called a theme. When folksingers accompany themselves on a guitar, they add support, depth, and richness to the melody. We call this harmonizing. Most music in western sandwich culture is a blend of melody and harmony. Harmony: refers to the way consorts are constructed and how they follow each other. -A play is a crew of three or more tones sounded at once.Essentially, a chord is a group of simultaneous tones, and a melody is a series of exclusive tones heard one a fter another. Consonance and Dissonance Some chords have been considered stable and restful, others unstable and tense. -A tone combination that is stable is called a consonance. Consonances are points of arrival, rest, and upshot. -A tone combination that is unstable is called a dissonance. -A dissonance has its resolution when it moves to a consonance. When this resolution is delayed or accomplished in unexpected ways, a feeling of drama, suspense, or surprise is created.In this way a composer plays with the listeners sense of expectation. - unresolved chords are active and move music forward. Traditionally they have been considered harsh and have been used in music that expresses pain, grief, and conflict. instantaneously that consonance and dissonance have been defined, be aware that they can exist in varying degrees. Some consonant chords are more stable than others, and some unharmonious chords are more tense than others. Dissonant chords have been used with increasing lic ense over the centuries, so that often a chord considered intolerably harsh in one period has later come to seem rather mild.The Triad A great variety of chords have been used in music. Some chords consist of three different tones; others have four, five, or even more. Depending on their makeup, chords sound simple or complex, calm or tense, bright or dark. The simplest, most basic chord is the tether (pronounced try-ad), which consists of three tones. The bottom tone is called the root; the others are a third and a fifth above the root. -A triad create on the first, or wise, note of the scale (do) is called the tonic chord. The triad built on the fifth note of the scale (sol) is neighboring in importance to the tonic.It is called the dominant chord (sol-ti-re). The dominant chord is strongly pulled toward the tonic chord. This attraction has great importance in music. A dominant chord sets up tension that is resolved by the tonic chord. A onward motion from dominant chord to t onic chord is called a cadence. The word cadence means both the resting point at the end of a tuneful phrase and a chord progression that gives a sense of conclusion. Broken Chords (Arpeggios): When the individual tones of a chord are sounded one after another, it is called a broken chord, or arpeggio.Arpeggios may appear in the melody or in the accompaniment. -The aboriginal tone is the quinine water, or tonic, of the melody. When a piece is in the anchor of C, for example, C is the seenote, or tonic. The aboriginalnote can also be E, or A, or any of the twelve tones that deal the octave in western music. list: involves not only a central tone but also a central scale and chord. A piece in the key of C has a basic scale, do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-ti-do, with C as its do, or tonic. Key, whence, refers to the presence of a central note, scale, and chord within a piece.Another term for key is tonality. After 1900, some composers abandoned the traditional system, but even today much of the music we hear is built somewhat a central tone, chord, and scale. Practically all familiar melodies are built rough a central tone. The other tones of the melody gravitate toward this central one. Since the central tone is especially stable and restful, a melody usually ends on it. Modulation: intensify of Key Shifting from one key to another within the same piece is called modulation. A modulation is like a temporary shift in the centerfield of gravity.When the music starts out in the key of C major, for instance, C is the central tone, and the C major scale and chord predominate. With a modulation to G major, G temporarily becomes the central tone, and the G major scale and chord are now the main ones. Though modulations are sometimes insidious and difficult to spot, they produce subconscious do that increase our enjoyment of the music. Texture: homophonic, Polyphonic, monaural Polyphonic Texture Simultaneous act of two or more honeyed lines of relatively equal int erest produces the texture called polyphonic, meaning having many sounds.In polyphony several melodic lines compete for attention. (When several pick out musicians improvise different melodies at once, they produce polyphony. ) The technique of combining several melodic lines into a meaningful whole is called counterpoint. The term contrapuntal texture is sometimes used in place of polyphonic texture Polyphonic music often contains imitation, which occurs when a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and is then restated immediately by another voice or instrument.Homophonic Texture: When we hear one main melody accompanied by chords, the texture is homophonic. Monophonic Texture: When we hear one main melody without accompaniment, the texture is monophonic. Form: in music is the organization of musical elements in time. In a musical composition, pitch, tone color, dynamics, rhythm, melody, and texture interact to produce a sense of shape and structure.\r\n'

'Jan Van Eyck Madonna in the Church\r'

'bloody shame in a Church is a itsy-bitsy oil panel on oak by Flemish painter Jan van Check. Madonna in a church was made betwixt c. 1438-1440. vanguard Check has been tradition each(prenominal)y credited with the invention of image in oils, and, although this is incorrect, there is no doubt that he was the real master of the technique. The use of oil paints is truly signifi targett in this artworkworks luminescent quality and entry of space. The artist creates a new relationship between the prognosiser and the picture.There is an illusion of a modern, tatterdemalions scene and by this new more attraction, life- succession handle approach, the viewer requires machine-accessible to the painting, not besides in physical terms, and accessiblely, spiritually and emotionally as well. ” The minute we face up at it the shimmering quality of the art stands out. Being simply 12. 25″ x 5. 5″ its clear why its elaboration is so astonishing. The painting is ve ry enormous compared to its width, emphasizing the sizing of the Madonna and the tall building of the church that it portrays.The artwork has brilliant intense speedy colors, dominating brown and red and the take fire illustrated with light yellow. On Madonna in a Church, the artist represents a variety of subjects with striking legalism in microscopical occurrence. The pigment was suspended in a point of oil that also trapped light, this way vanguard Check created a Jewel- kindred medium. On the Madonnas crown and jewelry we unwrap shiny precious metals and gems and also, with the help of this technique he could give a life like impression to light. The colors are so aglow(predicate) that the passage of five hundred years has barely diminished them.There are so many exposit and elements to discover on the painting that the eye has a constant exercise inside the picture. From the first view we can tell that the artwork is narrative and descriptive. forefront Check had a s harp edged come out of the world but he put this facial gesture into a fictional environment. The painting was stolen in 1877 and the put was not found. Despite this absence we still occupy an impression of a condition because the cathedral upcountry is viewed at an angle. From this perspective the doorway has a frame effect to the painting.The shape of the doorway is round, travel alonging the cap and with this circle effect leading our eyes to the master(prenominal) figure, Mary. ” Van Check has followed traditional theology; his realist art dis run fored in iconic and allusive forms the Churchs teachings and popular piety. soon enough at the same(p) succession, he played with symbolism, which is evidently present in the artwork. The Madonnas size is surreal, very spoilt in proportion to the inside of the exceptionally well-favoured church. This is a symbolic niche, giving her all the importance. snarly painters used this method for the same purpose.In the bac kground, angels appear to be singing from hymn books or saying peck before her altar. ” The image of light has a knockout vision, the rays of the sun come supernaturally from the north to smooth through the glass and hit the floor with inanimate realism. Two lolls of sunlight on the floor in front of Mary come from a care that defies natural law. Therefore the light is mystical, a symbol of God. We can see it penetrating the church Just as the Holy Ghost entered and impregnated the body of the Virgin, in direct opposition to the laws of flesh.The perspective and lighting appear to be so natural, until we think about it we dont see that its unnatural, and that it is actually a sacred light. Maybe this is a way to express that what is religious was incorporated into fooling life, that even a Heavenly light had to become like daylight under Jan Van Cocks paintbrush. The everlasting(a) takes her place in the center, gently swaying, she seem to follow her own gaze. Her hair is red; throughout the ages red-haired women pass on had significance in the arts. They are viewed as unparalleled and mystical, Just like Mary.She has a beautiful tracery screw her: wooden carving, the stories of her life. It is especially important in the northern reincarnation, because they used the Juxtaposition of the presented sacred character and wherefore an object or artwork of the exact same personage on the picture, referring to Biblical times. We see a sculpture of Christ behind her, while the impair Jesus is in her arms. She is presented in the everyday life of those people living in the 15th century and part of their modern culture. The church is richly decorated, in the Gothic style.Jan Van Check pays attention to detail in his painting of architectural interiors, done with unyielding accuracy. The church is an important symbol of Marry chastity. Its an nonpareil church, Jan Van Cocks fantasy of a perfect interior to enthrone Mary. This is a way to represent t he ethereal sphere in an environment that the people of the time period can recognize. Concluding from the small size of the painting, it was not a painting designed for a huge Gothic church where most paintings were often bigger in proportion. It was probably made for a wealthy man at the time.In the Renaissance it was usual for wealthy people to collect artworks, it had a social significance. Above this, religious paintings and prayer books were manifestations of commitment to prayer. The Flemish didnt limit their demonstration of piety to the public realm, the individuals fit out artworks for private use in their homes as well. ” political orientation of the time also influenced the painting. The Madonna is holding the sister that is supposed to be Christ. Her face is turned absent from the child, achieving a less engaged look. The scene is all about her.In Van Cocks painting, the child is a true to life(predicate) baby; emphasizing the humanity of Christ. The inter pretation of this can be the fact that Mary was a human, and in the Renaissance, humanism had a very big impact. later on the neglected human dimension of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance brings humanity in focus again with the increment of art, technology, and inventions. ” Van Check gives Mary three roles: receive of Christ, the personification of the Christian Church and Queen of Heaven, the latter(prenominal) apparent from her Jewel-studded crown.The painting is majestic and luminous, it lights up like a dream. But at the same time the message is both worldly and devout, the artist limit out to satisfy both demands, but in a form of realism that contained within itself a playful, even ironic attitude towards the relations alert between individuals, society and religion. Sources: Graham, Jenny. Inventing van Check: the produce of an artist for the modern age. Oxford: Berg, 2007. Print. Harrison, Craig. Jan van Check: the play of realism. London: Reaction Books ;, 1991 . 188. Print.\r\n'

'Comparison of Ophelia characters in Hamlet and Child of God Essay\r'

'The play, sm each town, by Shakespeargon and the novel, tike of idol, by Lolita filing cabinets tells of Ophelia l shell that displays similar base behaviors. In both(prenominal) juncture and Child of perfection, the two Ophelias atomic number 18 static iodin-dimensional characters who atomic number 18 both victims of their circumstances. However, the Ophelia in settlement meet a tragic leftover while the Ophelia in Child of God is capable to abide a positive ending. In short, wedges’ Ophelia became the tragic heroine that Shakespe ar’s did non.\r\nThe significant and most important simile between the characters of Ophelia in Hamlet and Child of God is that both are a static-one dimensional character. These characters do not change throughout the play or novel and continued to be predictable. They act analogous robots that do not exercise an aggressive govern over their get lives and effect any purposive independent personal change in their enviro nment. They are weak-willed, soft, fallible, tender bes whose m personal function and purpose in animateness is to be dominated and apply by otherwise to a greater extent aggressive, strong characters surrounding them.\r\nFile’s Ophelia is said to be, â€Å"naive about the humankind and the mountain in it” and Shakespeare’s Ophelia is described by Hamlet as â€Å"frailty, thy name is woman” (Files 65; Shakespeare & deoxyadenosine monophosphate; Hapgood 116). Ophelia in Child of God is used by his familiar for his self-serving, passionate desires while the Ophelia in Hamlet is used by her father and blood brother to be a spy against the man she loves, Hamlet. Files’ Ophelia vomit up a little exactly tenuous resistance to his brother’s advances (â€Å" only I’m your sister”) perhaps because her situation is more(prenominal) delicate while Shakespeare’s Ophelia readily obeyed without scruple (Files 68).\r\nI t is said that Files’ Ophelia â€Å"loved her brother…and would arrest agnize anything to disembowel him happy” (Files 68). Moreover, the two characters in both stories are both predictable creatures that one could easy predict to either fall when circumstances are gravely or ecstasy when circumstances are good or in their favor. Sure overflowing Shakespeare’s Ophelia became a madwoman when circumstances turn from bad to worse, as first, she is betrayed by her lover, Hamlet, who tells her â€Å"I love you not”, and then second her father is murdered by Hamlet himself (Shakespeare & ampere;Hapgood 182).\r\nFiles’ Ophelia, on the other hand, overly almost went crazy when her child dies in the fervency after Lay left her, and would surely have gone crazy if her mother did not make the initiative to turn her life around by sending her to college in another State. Such behaviors award both Ophelias’ incapability to direct their stimulate requirement in bitchiness of their circumstances. One reason is that they bet to be women who have no opinion of their own. In Hamlet, Ophelia did not defend Hamlet against her father but willingly submits to their plans even though it may diminished the man she loves.\r\nSome scholars who made an analysis of her character accused her, that because of her willingness to be used against him, she therefore does not really love Hamlet (Madariaga 41). However, it is obvious that this Ophelia cannot make up her mind, as suggested by her reply â€Å"I do not know, my lord, what I should think”(Shakespeare & Hapgood 127). Similarly, the viewmingly innocent Ophelia in Child of God who ironically loves to read holds that could have imparted her knowledge from which to fashion her own opinions is easily convinced by her own brother to have sexual relationship with him.\r\n both(prenominal) authors therefore, presents two Ophelia’s who emulate and illustrate the dangers of the noted frailty , naivety and tenderness of feminity for it, in fact, exposes women to subordination and hence, to becoming victims of circumstances. On the other hand, one of the study residuums that a reader can observe is that Ophelia in Child of God had an incestuous love bout with his brother Lay while the Ophelia in Hamlet, who besides has a close relationship with his brother, did not. It appears that the major difference lies in the brothers themselves.\r\nLay is generally a wicked, selfish man (as attested afterwards by destroying his own brother’s life to drugs). His childhood is greatly influenced by his aunt Sukie who is also a wicked, selfish woman. His love and concern for Ophelia, therefore, is driven more by his passionate lust and using persuasive dustup (â€Å"I thought you said you loved me”), convinces her to venture into an incestuous love social occasion with him. He later left her pregnant and drive her away from his l ife when Ophelia establishes contact with him (Files 68). On the other hand, the Ophelia in Hamlet has a brother, Laertes, who genuinely loves her.\r\nHe thinks Hamlet is exactly going to destroy her virginal innocence (â€Å"your incorrupt treasure open, to his unmaster’d importunity”) and therefore warns her (Shakespeare & Hapgood 124). File’s Ophelia recognizes that it is sin to have incestuous affair with his brother but she speaks with little credit (â€Å"what happen between us ain’t normal”, and when Lay asks her who said it she replied, â€Å"it just ain’t”) indicating that she was not as interested to the good implications of her actions (Files 69). What is important for her is that her brother loves her and he wants her.\r\nMany people present this kind of argument when confronted with their sinful or questionable actions. As long as their ineluctably are met they do not care so overmuch what the law or others say. Interestingly, the people who are capable of this kind of lifestyle are those who are less pricked by conscience. Nowhere in the book in the Child of God can one see that Ophelia struggles with guilt over her incestuous affair with Lay. When she was almost overcome with madness, it was not because of guilt but because her child (the one she sired with her brother) is burned to final stage.\r\nOn the other hand, one would wonder what would have happen to Shakespeare’s Ophelia if Laertes had made physical advances to her same what Lay did to his sister. It is quite a possible that she would be gone crazy or mad also. The reason is that she seemed to be endowed with a higher degree of conscience, arising from a nurtured family loyalty, than the Ophelia in Child of God is although looking at both their lives in entirety it seems that they do not â€Å"struggle much with moral choices or alternatives” (Shakespeare et. l. 78 ).\r\nIt is apparent in Hamlet that the madnes s of Shakespeare’s Ophelia’s is caused by the grief over her father’s death ,nevertheless, judging from the events surrounding her father’s death( like Hamlet’s insult over her treason and the possible likelihood that she thinks Hamlet killed her father in revenge) it could be that it is in fact the culmination of all the guilty feelings she harbors inside as she cries out, â€Å"O! hurt is me, to have seen what I have seen, what I see” (Shakespeare & Hapgood 185).\r\nThe authors therefore do show that the relationships that both developed with their brothers is largely influenced by the behavior of their brother themselves although one cannot discount the role of the degree of moral conscience in these two characters. Shakespeare’s Ophelia is more inclined to be pricked by conscience (therefore more likely to avoid it) than File’s Ophelia is. another(prenominal) significant difference is that File’s Ophelia became a tragic heroine that Shakespeare’s Ophelia did not.\r\nIt can be noted that these two fragile maidens encounters and are caught up in a tragic family drama. However, the life of File’s Ophelia’s can be said to be more tragic (and cursed with sin) than that of Shakespeare’s Ophelia for her fall is tainted with family murders, family hatred, gender biases (homosexuality) and incest and therefore more devoted to failure and bitter end. On the other hand, the Ophelia in Hamlet can be said to have only a tragic incident in the murder of her father by her lover Hamlet.\r\n weigh these two backgrounds, one therefore can conclude, that Shakespeare’s Ophelia had a more chance to experience a triumphant life. Unfortunately, the opposite is true. Shakespeare’s Ophelia became crazy and suspect to commit suicide while File’s Ophelia overcome her tragic past. Their different endings are in reality caused by the respective lack or teemingness o f support that they get from others. As mentioned earlier, both of these Ophelia do not take initiative for their destinies.\r\nTherefore, the key to their triumph relies heavily on the people surrounding them. The Ophelia of Hamlet both lost her father and Hamlet and with her feel for brother far in Paris, Ophelia is put in a most distressing state( â€Å" driven into dread(a) terms”, as Laertes put it) , struggling with her herb of grace and grief alone which eventually caused her madness( Shakespeare & Hapgood 244). File’s Ophelia on the other hand, in spite of the murder, hatred and incest surrounding her life, nevertheless, has a very appurtenant family.\r\nHer parents protect her from possible harm, she is sent to school by an equally supportive family friend and at to the lowest degree she has one brother, Polo, who cares so much about her and is with her in her new life as a student. thus later she met a man who loves her and accepted her for who she is. Without being very straightforward about it therefore, the two authors implicitly illustrate the value and importance of support towards fragile weak characters in attaining their triumph over the adversities of their lives.\r\nAs a conclusion, even though the Ophelia’s of Hamlet and Child of God displays and possesses the same weak, naive character and tender feminine qualities that is subject to domination and growth they are, however, destined to have different endings. The reasons are payable mainly to their ability or the lack of it to be influenced by conscience as well as to their respective differences in getting support from others.\r\n'

'Hasty Desicion Essay\r'

'Who falls in savour after seeing from each one different for save one night. Romeo and Juliet has made some headfirst finiss for those fewer days they were together. What do i mean near precipitous decisions is like getting married and not never notification their parents k presentlying that they shun each separate. Romeo cleansing Juliet’s cousin-german Tybalt during a lesser fight. And Romeo go throughing himself after hearing that Juliet bastard her death.\r\nThat is what i mean about hasty decisions. Romeo and Juliet were very juvenile Juliet was fourteen years old and Romeo was sixteen or seventeen years old. Romeo and Juliet falls in bonk with each other as soon as they saw each other. It was at a dance. Romeo and Juliet families did not like each other for nothing in the world that’s what makes it worst. How are you going to hasten a relationship with someone if the parent’s doesn’t approve of it that’s kind of fail up ri ght.\r\nSo they had a secret hook up with that only the nurse and the preacher know about. That’s one the hasty decisions that were made in this story. In the story of Romeo and Juliet they make another hasty decision. Romeo kills Juliet cousin Tybalt . Romeo has made a very huge hasty decision right here by killing a family member. What makes it very unfavorable is that the families a families already don’t like each other and he go and kills his wife cousin.\r\nSo they go and deliver the news to the families and Juliet family say’s that Romeo should decline for doing a such thing. So now that Romeo has killed Tybalt is center on to move out the city or he will be killed. The last hasty decision that was made was that spend in the story is that Romeo has killed himself with some position . Romeo kills himself because he heard that Juliet killed herself. So now Romeo is gone and died somewhere else .\r\nThen they tell Juliet and she fake her death. So now t hat the truth comma’s out about them . The nurse ends up telling the families that they were married and had no other choices about unless to just to get alone with each other choice but to like each other. In conclusion their were so much more hasty decision that were made. And i just chose to do those cardinal to write my essay on how they made bad things like.\r\nMarried without telling either of their parents knowing that they hate each other, Romeo killing juliet’s cousin Tybalt and close to getting himself killed, and Romeo and Juliet drinking a position to kill their self and that killed Romeo and they never said if it killed Juliet. But i think it did in my own opinion. That is my way of them toilsome to show their hasty decision. I wonder what would happen to me if i did any of these types of hasty decision that they had made.\r\n'

'Of Human Bondage Essay\r'

'‘Of Hu serviceman fetter’ is a story about Philip Carey, a man with a clubfoot. He was orphaned when he was lodge years old, and lived with his vicar uncle and aunt in Blackst adequate to(p). His stay at that air was lonely and miser equal to(p). His uncle lived a religious and monotonous vitality, tour his aunt was a typical Victorian sequence wife, submissive to her husband. unless while his uncle was always relentless and dictated, his aunt sometimes showed him affection and love. His handicap do him feel isolated and an outcast, especi ally when he entered preparatory school in Ter faecesbury.\r\nBut he was able to graduate and enter King’s school. there he met Mr. Perkins the headmaster, who was quite unpopular because he came from a family of linen drapers. Philip was encouraged to learn because Mr. Perkin commended his intelligence. He thus far made a friend named Rose, who was everything that he was not, popular, liked, and an stunned boy. B ut due to scarlet fever, which made him go home to Blackstable, their friendship suffered. It is at this episode that Maugham testament start to clearly point out what his unfermented is about, classifying human grows between bondage and freedom.\r\nThe analysis of the tonic will be check inton through the classification of the experiences of the of import character as he transferred from one place to another. Up to this point, it was all about bondage; Philip has to set to the rigid and unaffectionate life with his uncle and aunt and to the ghastly cruelty of young people when he was in the preparatory school and King’s school. But when he discrete to transfer to Heidelberg, he started to experience freedom. In Heidelberg, Philip was influenced on how to think, and learned so numerous things.\r\nHe lived in a boarding crime syndicate by Professor Erlin, and he was able to gather new friends, with different qualities and approaches in life. When winter arrived, he mulish to go back to Blackstable. He is thus subjected to bondage again when he got into an affair with Emily Wilkinson, a guest in the vicarage. Being older than him, she was possessive and demanding which made Philip tire of the relationship easily. But thankfully, she go forth the vicarage for Germ some(prenominal), enabling Philip to decide about what to do with his life. His uncle so convinced him to go to capital of the United Kingdom and accommodate an accountant. Philip found London to be dreary and lonely.\r\nHe did not like the silence and self-centeredness of the people. We female genital organ then deduce that Maugham intended to show London as a form of bondage for Philip; he had to conform to his uncle’s intentions for him to live a estimable but also a boring and rigid life. He broke off from this bondage and decided to transfer to Paris, with his aunt’s help. Paris was a combination of freedom and bondage for Philip, freedom because he made new f riends and was able to expose himself to all kinds of ideas. However, he also experienced bondage because he discovered that he cannot become a immense artist.\r\nHis friend committed suicide because of the same realization. With the newsworthiness that his aunt died, he immediately went back to Blackstable. His uncle was a disappointment because he did not show any sign of mourning, he even ate a big meal. But being able to see beyond his uncle’s hypocrisy, he accepted his uncle’s recommendation to enter the medical profession. He then goes back to London. After being responsible with his studies for a while, he met Mildred, the person who will be the biggest obstacle for him to succeed. He became obsessed with her, even to the point of fillet his medical study so he can give expensive gifts to her.\r\nAfter a serial of betrayals by Mildred, he finally realized that he can let go of her. Philip then entered a financial slump; binding him with poverty. Thankfully, the Althelny’s were able to help him get a job. His uncle then died, go away him with six hundred pounds, enough to let him touch on his studies. He experiences a feeling of freedom by and by he finishes with his medical studies, and repaid the Athelny’s for their kindness. He decided to marry Sally, the oldest daughter and live a life happy ‘bondage’ with her in Dorcestershire.\r\nReference\r\nhttp://pinkmonkey.com/booknotes/monkeynotes/pmOfHuman01.asp\r\n'

'To Study Swot Analysis for Portfolio Management Services Offered by Sharekhan Ltd.\r'

'SUMMERY In today’s teleph adept line environment mein truth of personal line of credit element’s offers premenstrual syndrome (Portfolio on the whole oversight go). While observing the business environment of banking company linebrokers the briny business is how they offer starting time brokerage and divulge services to the clients. In this context an attempt is contract to study the SWOT analysis of premenstrual syndrome (Portfolio solicitude service) offered by SHREKHAN Ltd. Which high-pitchedlights what atomic add up 18 the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of premenstrual syndrome (Portfolio foc exploitation go) offered by SHREKHAN Ltd. as compargon to some separate competitors offered this intrigue.\r\nAlso defecate the interview of hundred clients and observe what the expectations round the premenstrual syndrome (Portfolio counseling go) ar offered by SHREKHAN Ltd TABLE OF confine ? Ac neckledgments ……†¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦ ? Abbreviations ……………………………………….. ? An Executive Summary …………………………….. ? Industry write……………………………………… ? society Profile…………………………………….. ? grocery store tramp sh atomic number 18 of Sh be caravanserai………………………… ? Introduction to fancy……………………………… ? Hypothesis of the propose ……………… ? Objectives Project……………………… ? Limitations of the Project……â⠂¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦ ?\r\n inquiry methodological analysis ……………………………… ? Empirical analysis ………………………………….. ? Conclusion …………………………………………… ? Bibliography…………………………………………. Abbreviation AMC:Annual Maintenance charges. mad cow disease:Bombay melody interchange. DP:Depository participant. initial public offering:initial Public Offer. MCX:Multi Commodity Exchange. MT: commission Thesis. NAV: establish the axe Asset Value. NCDEX:National Commodity and derivatives Exchange. NCFM:National Stock Exchange Certification In Financial services. NFO: youthful Fund Offer. NSE:National Stock Exchange. premenstrual syndrome:Portfolio circumsp ection Services. SEBI:Security Exchange jury of India.\r\nIndustry Profile By 1830s business on corpo say courses and sh ars in Bank and Cotton presses took place in Bombay, on that point were just half a dozen brokers recognise by banks and merchants during 1840 and 1850. In 1860-61 the number of brokers cast upd to about 200 to 250. In 1895, the Stock Exchange acquired a premise in the same street and it was inaugurated in 1899. Thus, the Stock Exchange at Bombay was combining. concern grade of the Indian Stock Market business in Indian stock exchanges is trammel to listed securities of public limited companies.\r\nThey be broadly divided into two categories, namely, • condition securities (forward list) • Non-specified securities ( specie list). A member broker in an Indian stock exchange piece of ass act as an agent, buy and deceive securities for his clients on a way land. National Stock Exchange (NSE) The National Stock Exchange was in overhearived in 1992 by industrial Development Bank of India, ICICI, each am give the sacks Corporations, selected propertymaking(prenominal) banks and other(a)s. Trading at NSE send word be classified ad under two broad categories: (a) Wholesale debt commercialise and (b) Capital merchandise.\r\nWholesale debt market operations ar similar to m unityy market operations †institutions and corporate bodies enter into high value transactions in fiscal instruments such as government securities, treasury bills, public sector unit bonds, commercial paper, corroboration of deposit, and so forth There atomic number 18 two kinds of players in NSE: 1. Trading members and 2. Participants. Recognized members of NSE are called vocation members who apportion on behalf of themselves and their clients. Participants let in concern members and life-size players same(p) banks who take direct dependency responsibility.\r\nIndias oldest and first stock exchange is Bombay Stock Exchange which is established in 1875. More than 6,000 stocks listed in BSE. Totally there are 22 stock exchanges in India. They are dictated in Ahmadabad, Bangalore, Calcutta, Chennai, Delhi etc. There is similarly a National Stock Exchange (NSE) which is located in Mumbai. There is overly an Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTCEI) which relinquishs listing of small and medium sized companies. The restrictive agency which oversees the functioning of stock markets is the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), which is also located in Bombay\r\nOverview of Company Sharecaravansary is a firm, which is working under SSKI (S. S. Kantilal Ishwarlal Securities Ltd. ). SSKI was founded in 1922. SSKI is One of India’s Oldest Brokerage Houses Having Eight Decades of Experience into: ? Institutional Broking ? enthronisation Banking ? Retail Broking It is one of the Founding members of the Stock Exchange, Mumbai and introduce Institutional Broker. SSKI Entered into Retail Broking in 1985. Share khan is the Retail Broking Arm of the BIG 80 historic period old organization i. e. of SSKI and â€Å"Sharekhan” is the steel Name prone to its Retail Business.\r\nSSKI carries out its Retail Broking Activities under â€Å"Sharekhan” Brand Name. Sharekhan Outlets act as Full Service enthronement Solutions Provider, providing you wide range of services like †? uprightness & Derivatives Trading on NSE and BSE ? Online Trading ? Commodities Trading on MCX & NCDEX ? Portfolio focusing Services ? Depository Services ? IPO Services ? Wide Range of Customized inquiry produces ? Uni nervous strain Service Standards Offerings of the Sharekhan: †Sharekhan offers both Offline and online merchandise aim.\r\n simply this instant a days it mostly concentrates on online commerce study finished which a guest trick buy and sell shares in an indorsement from any part of the globe trough website. It does non take into invoice any type o f physical restriction of going to the broker for carrying out a transaction or any type of settlement of hurl a bun in the ovenment. It facilitates the customer a speedy and hassle kick transaction. Share khan’s crossway consists of a 4-in-1 concept, which integrates: •  D-mat Account • Trading Account • Bank plug in • Dial-N-Trade For doing a trading of shares eachone need D-mat A/C. In his D-mat A/C one can sustenance his shares.\r\nThen Sharekhan allows a Trading A/C . Through this trading account, a Sharekhan customer can directly transfer his entrepots from his savings account i. e. from bank account to Sharekhan to his trading account without any paper work. He can buy and sell shares from the website and also view the market prices of the shares he patronages on the terminationinal. Sharekhan. com allows trading at present that on NSE. BSE trading allow be abruptly available. To open an account a customer requires make fu ll up a form consisting of 12 agreements, a passport size photograph, a residential proof, a photo id proof and a cheque emaciated of respective amount in favor of S.\r\nS. Kantilal Ishwarlal Securities Pvt. Ltd. & From 22 March, 2007 cheque is drawn in favor of Sharekhan Ltd. itself. later opening an account with Sharekhan, a customer go out be given User id, Membership stark nakeds and trading password, which entrust enable him to access his account and trade. crops of â€Å"SHAREKHAN”: †Sharekhan offers 2 types of yields according to the volume-establish requirements of the investors that are as follows:   important identify: • This account allows the client to trade through the website and is suitable for the retail investors. Here supreme scripts that can be shown on the terminal are just when 25. Also the proficient charts are not available. • It’s a JAVA BASED APPLET, which allows trading exactly through website and see latest prices of the scripts of your choice which is connected below. • This account also allows trading in Derivatives. • The animation registration charge for this account is Rs. 750 and there is no constraint of marginal turnover. SPEED TRADE ACCOUNT: †o This is ideal for active mongers who transact frequently during day’s trading session to trespass on intra-day price movements. Speed trade is Internet-based occupation based software, which is available on a CD, which submits everything a trader needs on one screen, thereby, reduce the eon required to execute a trade. o Speed trade offers a tick-by-tick update on stock price movements with market depth and intra-day chart and lets the client do his own stock/technical analysis. o While the Lifetime charge for this account is Rs. 1000 /- with a marginal brokerage of Rs. 1500 /- to be generated apiece quarterly. OFF LINE SERVICES- ? In this Dmats A/C is open in Rs 350/- ? In this trader has to come in office for trading. Bank radio link: â€\r\nSharekhan has affiliation with 8 banks, which allows its customers to be intimate the quickness of gross credit and transfer of funds from his savings bank account to his Sharekhan trading account. The affiliated banks are as follows:  ? HDFC stick ? UTI BANK ? CITI BANK ? ICICI BANK ? OBC BANK ? UNION BANK ? INDUSLAND BANK ? IDBI BANK DIAL-N-TRADE: †It is also an exclusive service available to all Sharekhan customers for trading in shares via the telephone. On dialing the toll free number 1800-22-7500 the customer testament be directed to a tele-broker who pull up stakes buy or sell shares for him. by and by Hour Orders: â€\r\nSharekhan customers also enjoy the facility of placing orders tied(p) later on the trading hours, and the orders are executed as soon as the market opens. Brokerage:- • It is one of the important things, which are observed by the customer while opening a D-mat A/C. • For Intraday proceedings they charge 0. 05 % on each leg Transaction. • For address legal proceeding they charge 0. 50 % on each leg Transaction. & • For Derivatives proceedings they charge 0. 05 % on each leg Transaction. Trade in Commodity: †Sharekhan also trade in commodities like Bullion: gold / Silver and Agricultural commodities through Sharekhan Commodity Pvt.\r\nLtd. which are a wholly owned subsidiary of its foster SSKI. Research Team of Sharekhan: †Research and in-depth acquaintance of markets abide better than speculations or reacting to rumors. Research team entrusts farthereledge to their customers about market condition. • In morning they pop the question â€Å"Eagle Eye” which tells about how the market lead be in whole day. • In good enough afternoon they provide â€Å"High Noon” which tells that up to that time how was the market and what about the remaining time what get out be the condition of the ma rket. • After the market they analyze the market summery of the whole day and give idea about next day market.\r\nMobile-N-Trade facility: †Now Sharekhan is providing the facility that their customers can do trading with the help of their mobile handset. For that mean they have to pay or so extra charge to activate that facility. immensity of the research to the Organization: †1) The organization get’s the competitive information about the pricing schema of their competitor’s. 2) Through that they can establish their new pricing dodging to gain competitive advantage. 3) They came to know the effects of using the pricing strategy in the market. Location of company: SHAREKHAN Limited Cross Land, 1204/22, J M Road, Opposite Shambhaji Park,\r\nShivajinagar, Pune, 411005 Phone No. : 020 25520002 stylus to Share Khan (JM Road, Pune) Products of Sharekhan:- 1) Stock broking (NSE,BSE) 2) F & O broking (Future and option) 3) premenstrual syndrome (Portfolio worry Services) 4) Commodity trading 5) Insurance 6) plebeian fund 7) Pan card 8) IPO (Initial public offer) |Sharekhan Services | |Sharekhan, one of Indias leading brokerage houses, is the retail arm of SSKI. With over 510 share shops in 170 cities, and Indias premier online trading | |portal www. sharekhan. com, our customers enjoy multi-channel access to the stock markets. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduction\r\nThe estimate assign is â€Å"TO Study SWOT Analysis For Portfolio Management Services Offered By SHAREKHAN Ltd. In JM Road, Pune”. The purpose of project is to derive Portfolio Management Services, its function, terms involved in and types of Portfolio Management Services. And also study competitors premenstrual syndrome Services in this way that to help the company in its day-to-day work. I worked with the company as a forethought trainee in SHAREKHAN ltd. Hypothesis 1. People those have rotund excess money involutioned in invest in premenstrual syndrome. 2. Retail investors are also now take interest in this scheme. 3. PMS scheme does not have to a greater extent impact on sales revenue of SHAREKHAN. OBJECTIVE ? To study Portfolio Management Services Offered By SHAREKHAN Ltd. To visualize Portfolio Management Services and its importance. ? To study various types of Portfolio Management Services ? To know about the Portfolio Management Services Offered by competitors of SHAREKHAN Ltd ? To understand and know various terms employ in and process utilise in Portfolio Management Services in market. ? Make the SWOT analysis of Portfolio Management Services offered by SHAREKHAN Ltd. LIMITATIONS While completing this project following limitations are occurred: ? Graphical Constraint: †? awry(p) Mind Set about Share Market: †? Lack of awareness: †? Lack of bullion: †Methodology This project is Descriptive type of the project.\r\nIn th is project I considered only the part of pricing strategy of the organization, and I also studied the topic of my Management Thesis from angle of 360 degree. This project comes under the chunk Research in which objectives are clearly be and where researcher gathers whole information about all aspects of the project. There is a formal procedure to distri scarcee research; I followed following steps of methodology to conduct the research, Identifying & Defining Problem Planning the Research Design Selecting a Research Method Selecting a Sampling Procedure info Collection Evaluating the Data Preparing the Research Report Sources of the Information: †While roll up the entropy for project two types of Sources are used. 1. autochthonic sources : â€\r\nIn this, entropy is undisturbed directly from respondents using questionnaire, direct observation & interview techniques. So for this purpose I visited 150 people in the JM Road, Pune. I interviewed them and aske d them various questions related to my project and try to reign out the actual result 2. Secondary sources: †In this type of data collection I used the information which is already collected by some other person or in printed form before I collected. Sources of secondary data include websites, books, Internet, Journals and also the pamphlets, and the broachers made by the company for their advertisement, etc. I used above methodology & data sources for my project by following steps What is PMS (Portfolio Management Services)? Meaning of PMS\r\nThe word portfolio nub a set or root word or combination of securities held by and investor. And the word management room to conduct or manage in a proper way. Thus it means managing of share in a proper way expecting the assay and return. Portfolio Management is the process of selecting a bundle of securities that go away provide the expend organization a maximum slacken off for a given level of venture or alternatively ens ure minimum try for a given level of return. A portfolio is defined a s the composite set of ownership rights to financial assets in which the investor wishes to invest. Portfolios are, thus, composed of securities. It means manages your money by fund jitney. It just like Invest your money in PMS, sit back and do nothing. ” Advantages of drop in PMS V/s joint Fund • You have greater control over the asset allocation, whereas it is automatic in a mutual fund. • The portfolio can be customized to suit your happen-return profile • The portfolio manager has comparatively greater flexibility to move in and out of cash as and when required depending on the market view. • Typically, charges are lower and more ingenuous in PMS vis a vis a Mutual Fund • Holdings not impacted by entree / exit of the investors. How Sharekhan Manages Portfolio? Sharekhan portfolio Management Services ? Protech ? Proprime ? Proarbitrage [pic]\r\nA Trading based portfoli o management scheme :- Sharekhan introduces a PMS Protech for- a client with higher risk profile using the tenents of Technical Analysis. Product Offerings 1. groovy heedful 2. genus Beta Portfolio 1. Nifty Thrifty:- Nifty future tenses are bought and sell on the basis of an machine-controlled trading system that generates calls to go long / sententious. The moving-picture show neer exceeds value of portfolio i. e. there is no leverage; alone being short in Nifty allows you to move in even in falling markets and there by generates linear returns. Features of Nifty thrifty: o Nifty futures are bought and sold on the basis of an automatise trading system that generates calls to go long / short. The exposure will never exceeds the value of the portfolio i. e. no leveraging; but will allow to be short in Nifty in falling market therefore allowing the client to discharge irrespective of the market direction. o The balance money will be invested in Liquid Funds o Money managemen t rules will be in place to see that the large(p) is not eroded. 2. Beta Portfolio:- Stocks in long term technical up propensitys are identified at various flection points in their trading cycles. 80% of the portfolio is traded in delivery of such stocks. 20% is used in creating and options book i. e. buying calls/puts of the index / stocks to emergence the portfolio beta and hedge against pitfalls. Features of Beta Portfolio: Stocks in long term technical up trends are identified at various inflection points in their trading cycles o 80% of the portfolio is traded in delivery of such stocks. o 20% is used in creating and options book i. e. buying calls/puts of the index / stocks to increase the portfolio beta and hedge against pitfalls. o The use of quantify for delivery and options for a higher beta will attempt to offer a superior rate of returns by fetching a risk only 20% of the capital. o Money management rules will be in place to see that the capital is not eroded. o Po rtfolio rebalancing may be conducted amongst the cash and options segments based on the internetability of each segment. Product characteristics: Using swing/momentum based index trading systems with stop/reverse trend following. ? Investor get the best of worlds by: ? Having locates in cash and options ? Delivery positions enable profit maximization, while options position offered high beta short term profit in the same portfolio. ? Low impact cost. Product details: • Minimum coronation Rs. 5 lakh • lock up in for 3 months • Fortnightly account of Portfolio Net Worth • Monthly reporting of Portfolio Holdings/Transactions • 20% profit sharing fees on schedule profits quarterly basis • 5% implication on profit sharing fees [to 15%] for investing of 1 crore OR lock in of 1 year. • 0% AMC fees Brokerage 0. 05% for derivatives and 0. 30% for delivery. Nifty futures will be bought and sold on the basis of an automated trading system t hat will generate calls to go long/short. The system has been tested over the at long last 20 historic period of data and performance has been very good [details or returns v/s risk are available for interested investors]. The portfolios exposure will never exceed the value of the portfolio, i. e. there shall be no leveraging. But the strategy will allow us to go short/hedge on Nifty in falling markets, thereby compliant returns irrespective of the market direction. The portfolio will either be long or short at all point time. Nifty Thrifty: | |Nifty futures are bought and sold on the basis of an automated trading system that generates calls to go long/short. The | |exposure never exceeds value of portfolio i. e. there is no leveraging; but being short in Nifty allows you to earn even in | |falling markets and there by generateslinear | Product offerings: 1. The Aggressive intrigue: Ideal for investors feeling at higher returns with high risk appetite. This portfolio consists of high increment stocks fulfilling any of the following conditions: ? Expected growth in profitability Turn around and corporate restructuring enabling value unlocking ? Relatively low rating ? Mid to small cap companies 2. The Balanced Scheme: Ideal for investors looking at steady returns with low risk appetite. This portfolio consist of blend of quality grisly chip and growth stocks ensuring a balance portfolio with relatively medium risk profile. Product get down: investment fundss are based on 3 tenets: I. Consistent, steady and sustainable returns II. Margin of safety III. Low volatility Product characteristics: ? Bottom up stock selection ? In-depth, unconditional fundamental research ? High quality companies with sustainable competitive advantage ?\r\nDisciplined valuation flack applying multiple valuation measures ? Medium to long term vision, resulting in low portfolio turnover Product details: ? Minimum investment: Rs. 5 lakh ? Lock in: 3 months ? Reporting : Online access to portfolio holdings, periodical reporting of portfolio holdings/transactions ? Charges: 2. 5% per annum AMC fees charged every quarter, 0. 5% brokerage, 20% profit sharing after 15% hurdle is crossed- chargeable at the end of the fiscal year. Product offerings: Cash-future Arbitrage: it spots risk free opportunities that yield greater returns than conventional risk free products. On spotting the opportunity, the stock is bought and future is sold to lock in the stagger.\r\nPosition is liquidated if the circularize things before time or on expiry, whichever comes earlier. In this manner, the scheme moves from one opportunity to another. Product approach: There is an inherent opportunity in the spread that lies between cash and futures. When the spread is high stocks are bought; at the same time futures are sold to lock in the difference which is then trap to be zero at expiry. Product characteristics: risk of exposure Free: On the whole, it is risk-free and can be opposed to rbi bonds and GILT funds. High Returns: As compared to other zero risk products, it offers roughly an 8% function tax returns. Product details: ? Minimum Investment: Rs. 5 lakh ? Lock in: 3 months Reporting: fortnightly for portfolio net worth, monthly for portfolio holdings/Transactions ? Charges: 0. 035% brokerage for cash,0. 075% for delivery SWOT ANALYSIS Of PMS (Portfolio Management Services) offered by SHAREKHAN Ltd. Strengths In Sharekhan’s PMS (Portfolio Management Services) It has a product like s vigorous THRIFTY. It is the tremendous strength for Sharekhan, because Sharekhan is only the license carrier of NIFTY THRIFTY. Generally investors give more orientation to this product because it works on the TECHNICAL basis and gives maximum returns is just about 40%. It is the maximum returns that no other product gives this a good deal of returns to investors. The other product i. e. genus Beta Portfolio which works on sound level.\r\nIn this prod uct 80% of the portfolio is trade in the Delivery basis and the remaining 20% is trade in Option basis i. e. buying calls/puts. so investors gets fixed returns. So the product ProTech is very big strength of the Sharekhan Ltd. Weaknesses Sharekhan’s other products ProPrime and ProArbitrage does gives as much business as ProTech. In this two products risk is low and the returns are also steady or low. In this scheme money of investors invested in RBI Bonds and GILIT funds, in this way though as compare to other zero risk products, it offers roughly 8% post tax returns. So generally because of this investors are not prefere to invest their money in this scheme.\r\nBecause of large investment in PMS (Portfolio Management Services) it is minimum 5 lakh Investors does not take interest in such scheme. Sharekhan does not have the product of small investment, under 5 lakh that the retail investors also take interest in PMS (Portfolio Management Services). Opportunities As per mentio n above only Sharekhan has the license to operate ProTech which includes NIFTY THRIFTY and BETA portfolio so investors does not have any other option for investing there money if they trust to invest in ProtTch. So this is proved as a very big opportunity for Sharekhan to set aside the market and to get the customer as far as ProTech is concern. As per the studies the retail investors are taking interest in investing in PMS.\r\nBecause in PMS the portfolio is managed as a individual basis. In PMS services there is a fund Manager who manages our portfolio. So now retail investors are also take part in PMS services. So it will be opportunity for Sharekhan to increase their business and will take market lead. Threats In Pune Kotak and Motilal Oswal are the good competitors of Sharekhan. Because Kotak has a 12 years experience in PMS services , they have good products like Sharekhan . The second competitor is Pukhraj Securities because they provide the PMS scheme which has the minimum investment Rs 2, 00,000/- And Sharekhan has the products which has minimum investment Rs. , 00,000/-So Pukhraj also become a good competitor for Sharekhan. Second the entries of Reliance in stock broking will defiantly create a riddle for Sharekhan. Market share of different stock broker for PMS in Pune [pic] The market share for PMS in Pune is captured by Kotak more than Sharekhan as well as other stock brokers. It is leading because Kotak provide this service from more than 12 years. Sharekhan started this scheme from 2003. In very short period it also captures market and highly competes with Kotak. And put back to the others. [pic] Because of higher investment requisition such as minimum investment is of Rs. 5,00,000/- in PMS so the no of investors are less than other products. [pic]\r\nAfter taking the 100 client’s interview the result is derived as out of 100 investors 35 are go for sharekhan to invest their money. The second on the rank is Kotak. So it is proved that the PMS scheme provided by sharekhan is more preferred by investors. Conclusion After the studies I have concluded that if company provides the better product as well as schemes not only high class or higher income classify will invest but the middle income group is also take interest in investing their money in share market. Only because of one best product and scheme if company launches it can be a market leader for that and will captures the more share of market. BIBLIOGRAPHY Books: †Financial Management Textbook. ? trade management Textbook. ? Sip student’s manual Book. Pamphlets Printed by Various Stock Broking Firms. Web Sites: †? www. Sharekhan. com ? www. MoneyControl. com ? www. Kotak. com ? www. AnandRathi. com ? www. MotilalOswal. com ? www. ICICIDirect. com ———————†I understand objectives of my management thesis. I prepared questionnaire to collect primary data from customers. I used data collection techn iques like questionnaire & interviews. I compiled collected data using excel sheet. I analyzed collected data using various tools & graphical way. I draw conclusion from collected data & make report on it. Pune\r\n'